不同紫花苜蓿品种根部入侵真菌研究  

Root-invading Fungi of Different Alfalfa Varieties

作　　者：郭玉霞[1] 王成章[1] 严学兵[1] 李德峰[1] 吕超[1] 马登坦[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《草地学报》2009年第6期723-730,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;河南省农业科技成果转化项目(082201110001)

摘　　要：为探讨紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa L.)品种不同季节常见根部入侵真菌及其表现规律,并为苜蓿品种选择及其病害防治提供科学依据,以30个紫花苜蓿品种为材料,分别于2006年的春、夏、秋季取样,分离和鉴定根部入侵真菌。结果表明:不同生长季节苜蓿根部入侵真菌区系中优势菌种类明显不同,春、夏、秋3季均有的建群种为细交链孢(Alternaria alternata)和腐皮镰孢(Fusariumsolani),其中春、夏季还有半裸镰孢(F.semitectum)和尖孢镰孢(F.oxysporum),秋季有锐顶镰孢(F.acuminatum)和柱孢(Cylindrocarpon destructuns);不同苜蓿品种在3个季节的入侵真菌种类和其分离率均有显著差异(P<0.05),且根部带菌率与生长季节苜蓿品种密切相关,春季以赛特(Sitel)的带菌率最高,夏、秋季以农宝(Farmers)和佛纳尔(Vernel)为最高,平均带菌率较高的5个苜蓿品种依次是:赛特、农宝、皇冠(Phabulous)、航海4号(Flight No.4)和猎人河(Hunfer river),平均带菌率较低的5个苜蓿品种依次是:苜蓿王(Alfaking)、爱菲尼特(Affinity)、WL-525 HQ、顶点(Apex)和丰叶721(Amerileaf 721)。The objective of this study was to explore the common root-invading fungi of different alfalfa varieties in different growing seasons for better variety selection and its disease control.The field experiment was conducted on thirty Alfalfa（Medicago sativa L.） varieties in Henan province,China and alfalfa roots were sampled in spring,summer,and autumn in 2006 and then fungi were isolated from alfalfa rootlet.The results show that：（1） the dominant fungus species in three seasons were obviously different.Alternaria alternata and Fusarium solani were the common dominant fungus species in all seasons,meanwhile F.semitectum and F.oxysporum were found both in spring and summer and F.acuminatum and Cylindrocarpon destructuns in autumn.（2） Root-invading fungus species and their isolation rate in three growing seasons showed notable differences among 30 alfalfa varieties.The fungus incidence rate in alfalfa rootlet was related to both growth season and alfalfa variety.Five varieties that had higher mean fungus incidence rate were Sitel,Farmers,Phabulous,Flight No.4,and Hunter River,while five varieties such as Alfaking,Affinity,WL-525HQ,Apex,and Amerileaf 721 had lower values in comparison with other verities.In Anyang region,alfalfa varieties with lower fungus incidence rate should be suggested for the alfalfa production and implication.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 根部入侵真菌 带菌率 分离率 

分 类 号：S332.3[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S432.44[农业科学—农艺学]