杨树无性系树冠性状间的相关性与遗传差异  

Correlation and Genetic Difference of Crown Traits of Poplar Clones

作　　者：黄逢龙[1] 焦一杰[2] 梁军[2] 樊军锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态与环境保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2010年第1期61-65,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家"十一五"林业科技支撑项目(2006BAD08A11)

摘　　要：通过对10个杨树无性系的8个树冠性状进行测定,筛选出叶面积指数(LAI)、冠形率(CSR)、树冠表面积(CSA)、一级分枝粗度(Dfb)、枝下高(Hub)和冠幅(W)等6个与材积有关的性状,分析了各树冠性状间的相关性和杨树无性系间树冠性状的遗传差异及其差异来源。结果表明:各树冠性状间存在显著相关。LAI只与CSA呈显著正相关;CSA、Dfb、W三者相互间呈极显著正相关;Hub与W呈极显著正相关;而CSR与CSA、Dfb、Hub、和W显著负相关。10个无性系的6个树冠性状均有明显不同,但只有Dfb和Hub两性状差异显著。10个无性系的各树冠性状的遗传力都较低,均小于0.5,各树冠性状受环境因素的影响较大。可见,杨树无性系树冠性状的差异主要来源于环境因素,可通过水肥管理、修枝、间伐、整地等人为栽培管理措施来改善环境条件,优化杨树树冠结构,提高杨树树势,从而抑制病原菌的生长和传播。因此基于树冠结构的杨树寄主主导性病害的生态调控是实际可行的。By measuring eight crown traits of ten poplar clone, six of them,including leaf area index （LAI）, crown shape ratio （CSR）, surface area of crown （CSA）, first-order branch diameter （Dfu）, height under branch （Hub） and crown width （W）, which correlated significantly with tree volume, were screened out. And correlation among crown traits and genetic difference among these polar clones were analysized. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between LAI and CSA; CSA, Dtb and W were very significantly positively correlated with each other; Hub was very significantly positively correla- ted with W. But CSR was significantly negatively correlated with CSA, D~, Hub and W. Besides, all these crown traits of ten poplar clones were different, but significiantly different only in two crown traits; Dr~ and Hub. All these crown traits exhibited low heritability, less than 0.5. From above,the main source of crown trait difference among clones were environmental factors. Thus, breeding poplar clones halving bet- ter crown traits and forest manage measures, such as, improvement of management of water and fertilizer, pruning and thinning, can be taken to improve environment, to optimize crown structure, to improve tree vigor of poplar, and finally to go against transmission and growth of pathogen. So ecological control to polar host leading diseases based on crown structure is feasible.

关 键 词：杨树无性系 树冠性状 相关性 遗传差异 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]