沙坡头地区沙冬青AM真菌的时空分布  

The spatio-temporal distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus from Shapotou

作　　者：贺学礼[1] 刘雪伟[1] 李英鹏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002 [2]新乡市农业局,新乡453003

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第2期370-376,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670371;40471637)

摘　　要：2007年5月、8月和10月分别从宁夏沙坡头地区豆科植物沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)根围分0-10cm,10-20cm,20-30cm,30-40cm和40-50cm5个土层采集土壤样品。研究了AM真菌时空分布及与土壤因子的相关性,在分离的3属12种AM真菌中,球囊霉属(Glomus)6种,无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)4种,盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)2种,3属12种AM真菌在3个时期均有分布。AM真菌定殖率与孢子密度有明显的时空分布规律,并与土壤因子关系密切。孢子密度和泡囊定殖率在8月份最高,丛枝、菌丝和总定殖率10月份最高。土壤采样深度对孢子密度和定殖率有显著影响,AM真菌最高定殖率和最大孢子密度均出现在0-30cm浅土层。孢子密度与土壤有机质、碱解N极显著正相关,与pH显著正相关;菌丝、总定殖率与pH、碱解N和速效P极显著正相关。在评估荒漠生态系统和沙冬青形成菌根的能力时,AM真菌孢子密度、菌根不同结构的定殖程度是十分有用的指标。The study assesses the spatio-temporal distribution of AM fungi and the relationships between AM fungi and soil factors by analyzing soil samples collected at Shapotou of Ningxia.Soil samples in the rhizosphere of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus（Leguminosae）were divided to a depth of 50 cm into 5 sections of 10 cm each.Four replicates at each depth were taken during May,August and October 2007.Three genera and 12 species of AM fungi were isolated from the soil samples：Gigasporn,6 species;Acaulospora,4 species;and Scutellospora 2 species.All were collected in every sampling period.The greatest spore density and vesicular colonization levels were found in August,and the highest arbuscular,hyphal and total colonization levels were found in October.Soil sampling depth had a significant effect on spore density and percent colonization levels of AM fungi.The greatest colonization and spore density levels were found in the first three layers,between 0-30 cm.Spore density had a positive correlation with soil organic matter,available N and pH.Hyphal and total colonization had a positive correlation with soil pH,available N and P.The distribution and colonization of AM fungi is a useful indicator for monitoring the changes of a desert soil ecosystem and evaluating the ability of mycorrhizae to form a relationship with the host plant.

关 键 词：AM真菌 时空分布 沙冬青 宁夏沙坡头 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]