我国炼油企业能量利用策略研究  

Research on Chinese Refineries' Energy Utilization Tactics

作　　者：孙仁金[1] 王琳旋[1] 马杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)工商管理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《中外能源》2010年第2期15-20,共6页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：炼油企业能量利用策略是指炼油企业在生产过程中如何合理地分配能量的策略。近年来,我国炼油加工能力快速增长,装置规模不断扩大,2008年原油加工量达3.42×108t,开工负荷率77.3%,生产汽煤柴成品油2.08×108t,千万吨级炼厂增加到11家。同时炼油技术水平不断提高,油品清洁化进程加快。但与国际先进水平相比,我国炼油企业普遍能耗较高,在能量利用方面存在观念落后、政策体制不够完善、主要生产装置能量利用率较低、装置间热联合程度较低等问题。要提高我国炼油企业能量利用效率,必须健全法规制度,加强主要装置和装置之间的能量利用策略,强化工艺过程之内、工艺与热力系统之间、工艺与储运系统之间及厂际之间的综合优化,大力推行炼化一体化和装置规模大型化,提高装置间热联合效率,应用热电联产技术,延长装置安全运行周期。Refineries＇ energy utilization tactics are the tactics refineries adopt in respect of how to distribute energy in a rational way during production process.In recent years,China＇s oil refining capacity has been growing rapidly and the average size of refining units has been expanding continuously.In 2008,China pro- cessed 3.42×108t of crude oil with an operating rate of 77.3%.The combined output of gasoline,kerosene and diesel oil reached 2.08×108t.There were 11 refineries each with a capacity of more than 10 million tons in 2008.China＇s oil refining technological level has been rising continuously and the process of increasing the share of cleaner oil products is gaining speed.However,compared with internationally advanced levels,Chinese refineries＇ energy efficiencies are generally low and many problems remain with these enterprises such as backward concept on energy utilization,defective policy systems,low energy efficiencies of main production units and low degree of heat integration between units.To raise the energy efficiency of domestic refineries, China must perfect its regulatory system,strengthen the tactics for utilizing energy between units and units,in- tensify the integration within processes,between processes and the thermodynamic system,between processes and storage and transportation systems and between refineries and refineries,push the integration of and chemical business and the units, introduce heat and power construction of larger units ,increase co-generation technology and extend refining efficiency of heat integration between duration of safe operation for units.

关 键 词：能量利用策略 能耗 炼化一体化 热联合 开工周期节能降耗 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]