神经内科病房空气环境的微生物学特征与医院感染的关系  

Relationship Between Microbiological Characters of Indoor Air and Nosocomial Infection in Neurological Department

作　　者：许亚茹[1] 郑秀芬[2] 元小冬[2] 张树春[3] 张淑青[3] 邓红亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北煤炭医学院附属医院医院感染管理科,河北唐山063000 [2]华北煤炭医学院附属开滦医院神经内科,河北唐山063000 [3]华北煤炭医学院附属开滦医院检验科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2010年第1期55-57,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：唐山市临床医学研究计划基金项目(08130214C)

摘　　要：目的研究神经内科病房空气中的微生物学分布特征与发生医院感染的关系。方法选取2008年3～11月某医院神经内科所有住院患者1149例为医院感染监测对象，选取此病区大、小病房各1个，作为病房空气环境微生物学监测对象。结果神经内科病房不同月份空气中的微生物数量差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），医院感染率各月份差异无统计学意义，医院感染部位呼吸道78．31％、泌尿道10．84％、胃肠道4．82％，病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌占53．06％，神经内科呼吸道的医院感染率与空气中细菌数量呈正相关（r=0．682，P〈0．05）；真菌和鲍氏不动杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌等医院感染病原菌与其在空气中的月份分布具有一致性。结论神经内科病房空气中的病原菌数量是发生呼吸道医院感染的重要危险因素，空气中的真菌和表皮葡萄球菌、鲍氏不动杆菌等条件致病菌是发生医院感染的重要病原菌。OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between microbiological characters of indoor air and nosocomial infection （NI） in neurological department. METHODS All 1149 inpatients were selected as monitoring objectives of NI and two wards （a big wards and a small wards） as monitoring objectives of microbiological character of indoor air from Mar 2008 to Nov 2008 in a neurological department of a tertiary hospital. RESULTS The average number of germs was different in different months （P〈0. 05） ; but the rate of NI in different months was without difference;The main distribution site of NI were as follows, respiratory tract infection （78.31%）, urinary tract infection （10.84%） and gastrointestinal tract infection （4. 82%）;53. 06% of nosoeomial pathogens were Gramnegative （G ） bacilli, the incidence of respiratory tract infection in neurological department was positively correlated with the amount of microorganism in wards （P〈0.05） ;monthly distribution of NI pathogens such fungi and Acinetobacter baurnannii （ABA） and Staphylococcus epidermidis were in line with their distribution in indoor air. CONCLUSIONS The number of microorganism of indoor air is an important risk factor of NI in neurological ward; fungi and ABA and S. epidermidis are important pathogens causing NI.

关 键 词：神经内科 医院感染 空气监测 微生物学分布 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]