浮床黑麦草对城市生活污水氮循环细菌繁衍和脱氮效果的影响  

Effect of ryegrass floating-bed on the nitrogen cycling bacteria and nitrogen removal in the synthetic municipal wastewater

作　　者：范洁群[1] 邹国燕[1] 宋祥甫[1] 付子轼[1] 吴淑杭[1] 刘福兴[1] 潘琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201106

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第1期265-271,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2006AA06Z338)

摘　　要：通过设施大棚内容积为1.5m3的人工模拟池试验,研究了浮床黑麦草对模拟城市生活污水氮循环细菌繁衍和脱氮效果的影响。通过研究,阐明浮床植物去除污染水体氮素的可能途径。研究结果表明:浮床黑麦草对模拟城市生活污水总氮和氨氮的去除效果分别达到了31.6%和43.0%;浮床黑麦草根际和根系正下方是各类氮循环细菌生长的最佳区域;浮床黑麦草处理有效地提高了系统氮循环细菌的数量,16d的试验结束时细菌总数(A,单位为CFU.mL-1)达到最大值,其lg(A/(CFU.mL-1))增加至8.82,各类氮循环细菌比对照高3-5个数量级;同时,浮床黑麦草处理显著提高了氮循环细菌的群落多样性,系统内氨化菌、硝化菌、亚硝化菌和反硝化菌共存;明确了浮床黑麦草的吸收同化和氮循环细菌的生物脱氮是浮床黑麦草净化水质的两个重要途径。Effects of ryegrass floating-bed on the multiply of nitrogen cycling bacteria and removal of nitrogen in synthetic municipal wastewater were investigated in an artificial 1.5 m3 simulating pond in a facilitated greenhouse in order to figure out a suitable pathway to remove nitrogen from the wastewater.The results showed that the total nitrogen（TN） and NH3-N removal rates by the ryegrass floating-bed were 31.6% and 43.0% respectively.The Rhizosphere and the region beneath the root system were the most suitable places for the growth of nitrogen cycling bacteria.The total nitrogen cycling bacteria in the ryegrass floating-bed system reached the highest lg（A/（CFU·mL-1）） value of 8.82 at 16d,which was 3 to 5 order of magnitude higher than that in the control.At the same time,the presence of ryegrass significantly increased the community diversity of the nitrogen cycling bacteria,in which ammonifiers,nitrobacteria,nitrosobacteria and denitrifying bacteria were detected.Taken together,we proposed that the important pathways of ryegrass floating-bed to remove nitrogen from the wastewater were nitrogen absorption and assimilation by ryegrass and biodenitrification by microorganisms.

关 键 词：浮床黑麦草 模拟城市生活污水 氮循环细菌 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]