学龄前儿童血铅水平流行病学调查  

EPIDEMIOLOGY INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF BLOOD LEAD AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

作　　者：李文君[1] 姜丽杰[1] 张裕民 

机构地区：[1]河北省张家口教育学院临床医学系,张家口075000 [2]河北省张家口市地方病防治所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2010年第2期247-248,共2页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省技术研究与发展指导计划资助项目(052761308)

摘　　要：[目的]调查学龄前儿童铅暴露水平及各年龄组、不同生活环境中儿童血铅分布情况,分析人体内铅的可能来源,提出合理、有效的预防措施。[方法]随机筛选3～6岁儿童1100例进行末梢血血铅测定,对检测数据进行统计学处理后进行分析。[结果]1100例儿童血铅含量均在Ⅰ～Ⅳ级之间,血铅含量分级构成分别为866例(78.75%)、206例(18.75%)、27例(2.5%)、1例(0.09%)。[结论]我市3～6岁儿童血铅水平处于相对安全(≤100μg/L)的占78.66%。随着年龄增长,血铅值逐渐增加,可能与儿童生活活动范围增加、不良生活习惯以及某些饮食有密切的关系。城市儿童血铅水平明显高于农村儿童,可能与环境污染有关。故在儿童期养成好的生活习惯,勤洗手,不咬啃玩具和铅笔,避开汽车尾气及机动车是很好的预防方法。[Objective] To investigate the lead exposure level among preschool children in different age and different living environment,so as to analyze the possible source of lead in body to promote reasonable and effective preventive measures.[Methods] 3-6 year old children were randomly selected,and 1100 cases were recruited to perform lead determination,and detected data were analyzed by statistical methods.[Results] The lead concentration in blood lead of 1100 cases was at range of Ⅰ～Ⅳ.The blood lead composition were respectively 866 cases（78.75%）,206 cases（18.75%）,27 cases（2.5%） and 1 case（0.09%）.[Conclusion] The security level of blood lead was at the range of 78.66%（≤100 μg /L） among 3-6 years old children.The lead level increased with age,and it may relate to the activity areas,unhealthy lifestyle and dietary behaviors.The lead level in urban children was significantly higher than rural children,and it may relate to environment pollution.It is necessary to teach children to have good life habits to prevent lead poison such as washing hands,not nipping toys and pencils,avoiding the automobile exhaust.

关 键 词：血铅 儿童 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]