钙盐处理对柞蚕丝与桑蚕丝结构和性能的影响  

The Effects of Calcium Salt Treatment on the Structures and Properties of Tussah and Mulberry Silk

作　　者：杜姗[1] 蒲丛丛[2] 何建新[1,2] 高亚英[1] 王善元[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [2]中原工学院纺织学院,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第6期674-679,共6页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划(B07024);中国博士后基金(20080430079)

摘　　要：钙盐处理是蚕丝纤维改性的一种重要方法.研究了桑蚕丝与柞蚕丝经氯化钙溶液处理后的溶失行为、形态结构、化学组成和结晶结构的变化.在相同处理条件下,柞蚕丝的溶失率比桑蚕丝小;两种蚕丝断裂强度的下降幅度一致;但柞蚕丝的断裂伸长增加,而桑蚕丝降低.经过钙盐处理,两种丝素的构象都会由β折叠向α螺旋或无规卷曲转变,但这种转变对桑蚕丝更为明显.钙盐处理30min后,柞蚕丝的结晶度上升,而桑蚕丝的结晶度下降.扫描电镜观察显示两种蚕丝均发生了分纤行为,但柞蚕丝变化不如桑蚕丝明显,内部孔洞也没有桑蚕丝多.Calcium salt treatment is an important method of modifying silk fibers. The changes of mass loss, morphology, chemical composition and crystalline structure of tussah and mulberry silk fibers were investigated during calcium salt treatment. The study revealed that solubilization loss rate of tussah silk was less than that of mulberry silk under the same condition of calcium salt treatment; the decrements of breaking strength for the two silks were consistent, while the breaking elongation of tussah silk increased and the other decreased. The molecular conformations of the two silk fibers changed fromβ sheet to α sheet and random coil during calcium salt treatment, and this change was more obvious for mulberry silk fibers. The crystallinity of tussah silk increased after calcium salt treatment for 30 minutes, while mulberry silk decreased. Scanning electron microscopy also proved that the separation of microfibers appeared when the two kinds of silk fibers treated by calcium salt, but the changes of tussah silk were not as obvious as that of mulberry silk, as well as internal voids.

关 键 词：柞蚕丝 桑蚕丝 钙盐处理 结构 性能 

分 类 号：TS102.33[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]