藏獒血液蛋白遗传多样性的研究  

Studies on Genetic Diversity of Tibetan Mastiff Using Blood Protein Polymorphism

作　　者：兰小平[1] 陈永昌[2] 郭宪[3] 鄢珣[4] 崔泰保[4] 

机构地区：[1]天水师范学院生命科学与化学学院,甘肃天水741000 [2]中国科学院昆明动物研究所,昆明650223 [3]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,兰州730050 [4]甘肃农业大学,兰州730070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2009年第12期2938-2940,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省科技厅基金资助项目(GKC-97-27-5);天水师范学院青年基金项目(X4-25)

摘　　要：采用不连续垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对河曲藏獒、青海藏獒、青海藏狮犬和青海土种犬共4个群体103只犬的9个血液蛋白基因座(Tf、Po、Es-1、Es-2、Sα2、Hb、Alb、Pr、Amy)的多态性进行了检测,分析了两个藏獒群体的群体内和群体间的遗传变异,并以Nei氏标准遗传距离(D)为基础用UPGMA法探讨了不同犬群之间的遗传关系。结果表明,在4个被测犬群中,Tf、Po、Es-1、Es-2和Sα25个基因座上存在多态性,其中Tf、Es-1和Po分别由3个等位基因所控制,Es-2和Sα2分别由2个等位基因所控制,而Hb、Alb、Pr和Amy基因座均呈现单态;河曲藏獒群体内遗传变异较青海藏獒丰富,而两个藏獒群体间的遗传分化程度很低(GST=0.0187);以Nei氏标准遗传距离(D)为基础的UPGMA法聚类结果表明,青海藏獒与青海藏狮犬和青海土种犬的遗传关系近于河曲藏獒。103 blood samples were taken from four populations of Hequ Tibetan mastiff, Qinghai Tibetan mastiff, Tibetan spaniel and native dogs of Qinghai. Nine blood protein loci （Tf,Po,Es-1 ,Es-2,Sα2 ,Hb,Alb,Pr,Amy） were investigated by using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with discontinuous buffer system. Genetic variations were analyzed within and between two populations of Tibetan mastiff. The genetic relationship between dog populations were analyzed by Nei＇s standard genetic distance （D） and UPGMA. The results showed that genetic variations were observed in Tf, Po,Es-1,Es-2,and Sα2, others were not polymorphic. There were three alleles at the loci of Tf, Es-1 and Po, two alleles at the loci of Es-2 and Sα2. The genetic diversities within population of Hequ Tibetan mastiff were richer than that of Qinghai Tibetan mastiff. There was less variation among Tibetan mastiff populations and the genetic differentiation was very limited between Tibetan mastiff populations （GST=0.018 7）; A dendrogram by Nei＇s standard genetic distance （D） and UPGMA showed that genetic relationship between Hequ Tibetan mastiff and Qinghai Tibetan mastiff was distant.

关 键 词：藏獒 遗传多样性 血液蛋白多态性 遗传距离 

分 类 号：S829.2[农业科学—畜牧学] Q943[农业科学—畜牧兽医]