杂草对AHAS抑制剂的抗药性分子机理研究进展  

Advances in Molecular Mechanism of AHAS-inhibiting Herbicides Resistance

作　　者：隋标峰[1] 张朝贤[1] 崔海兰[1] 张猛[1] 黄红娟[1] 魏守辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,杂草鼠害生物学与治理重点开放实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《农药学学报》2009年第4期399-406,共8页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑重大项目(2006BAD08A09)资助

摘　　要：除草剂在田间的重复及不合理使用,导致了杂草抗药性的发生和发展。其中AHAS抑制剂由于靶标单一,抗性发展十分迅速。截至2009年,已有103种杂草对AHAS抑制剂产生了抗药性,占19类化学除草剂总抗药性杂草生物型的近1/3。从AHAS基因突变位点及种类与杂草抗药性水平的关系、AHAS基因突变与AHAS酶活性的关系、AHAS基因拷贝数与杂草抗药性的关系以及AHAS酶与除草剂结合前后的三维结构等方面,综述了杂草对AHAS抑制剂产生抗药性的机理,旨在为AHAS抑制剂抗性研究提供参考。并对自然种群目标基因的等位基因检测技术(ECOTILLING)和衍生型酶切扩增多态性序列(dCAPS)两种通过检测等位基因多态性的手段快速诊断抗药性杂草的新技术进行了介绍,讨论了延缓杂草抗药性发生和发展的策略。Repeated and unreasonable field application of herbicides have resulted in the evolution of resistant weed species. AHAS is the target site of AHAS-inhibiting herbicides. By 2009, 103 weed biotypes have showed resistance to AHAS-inhibiting herbicides, accounting for nearly 1/3 of total weed biotypes resistant to 19 chemical groups. The relationship between AHAS gene mutation sites/types and the level of herbicide resistance, AHAS gene mutations and AHAS activity, AHAS gene number and herbicide resistance, and the 3D structure of AHAS before and after binding with AHAS-inhibiting herbicides were reviewed. ECOTILLING and dCAPS, two new techniques for rapidly diagnosing herbicide resistance by detecting SNP were brought forward, and potential management strategy for preventing and delaying the herbicide resistance evolution in weeds was also discussed.

关 键 词：AHAS抑制剂 杂草 抗药性 机制 快速检测和诊断 

分 类 号：S481.4[农业科学—农药学] S482.4[农业科学—植物保护]