含有机硅助剂的阿维菌素微乳剂的研制  

Preparation of Abamectin Microemulsion Using Organosilicon Co-formulant

作　　者：陈福良[1] 尹明明[1] 尹丽辉 彭树初 于春欣[4] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农药化学与应用重点开放实验室,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]湖南省农业资源与环境保护管理站,长沙410005 [3]湖南省长沙市农业局,长沙410023 [4]诺农北京国际生物技术有限公司,北京100193

出　　处：《农药学学报》2009年第4期480-486,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD17B09,2006BAD08A03)

摘　　要：研制了含有机硅助剂的阿维菌素微乳剂,并以常规阿维菌素微乳剂或乳油为对照,从制剂质量技术指标、理化性能及生物学效应等方面进行了评价。所配制的含有机硅助剂(Silwet408)的1.8%阿维菌素微乳剂(含质量分数为6%的环己酮、4%的二甲基亚砜、7%的0203B和5%的Silwet408,余量为自来水)不仅达到一般微乳剂的质量要求,阿维菌素热贮分解率为1.12%,有机硅助剂的热贮分解率也低于1%,而且通过溶剂优化,节约了70%的有机溶剂用量和7%的表面活性剂用量,还比常规微乳剂和乳油的表面张力降低10mN/m左右、减小液滴接触角10°以上、增大液滴的扩展面积5mm2以上,药液的润湿时间从乳油和常规微乳剂难于润湿降低到1min以内。每公顷7.2g(有效成分含量)含有机硅助剂的阿维菌素微乳剂对菜青虫的田间防效为96.8%,显著高于相同剂量的乳油制剂(防效94.5%);特别是低容量喷雾增效更为显著,每公顷3.6g的微乳剂防效为88.4%,明显高于同剂量的大容量喷雾(防效82.7%)。试验结果表明,含有机硅助剂的阿维菌素微乳剂比常规微乳剂或乳油性能更为优越,防效更显著,特别适合于低容量喷雾。A new formulation, abamectin microemulsion, was prepared using organosilicon co-formulant （Silwet 408 ）. Technical specification, physical-chemical characteristics and biological efficacy of the new formulation was compared with common microemulsion or emulsifiable concentrate （EC） of abamectin. The quality specification of the new formulation [ 6.0% （W/W） cyclohexanone, 4.0% dimethylsulfoxide, 5.0% Silwet 408,7 % 0203B, tap water were consisted in the optimum formulation ] not only met the quality standard of common microemulsion, but also saved 70% solvent and 7% surfactant by optimizing the solvent system. The test of thermal stability showed that the decomposed ratio of abamectin was 1.12%, and that of Silwet 408 was below 1.0%, after being stored at （ 5 4± 2 ） ℃for 14 days. The diluted solution of the new preparation showed decreased surface tension by 10 mN/m, reduced contact angle by more than 10° ,increased spread area by 5 mm^2 ,and dropped wetting time to less than 1 min comparing with common microemulsion or emulsifiable concentrate of abamectin. Field control efficacy of microemulusions containing Silwet 408 against the pest at application rate of 7.2 g （a. i. ）/hm^2, was 96. 8%, while that of EC was only 94. 5 %. When using low volume spray at application rate of 3.6 g （a. i. ）/hm^2, the field control efficacy was 88.4%, higher than that of high volume sprayat the same application rate, which was 82.7%. The trial results suggested that the physical-chemical characteristics and control efficacy of microemulsions containing Silwet 408 was superior to that of common microemulsion or emulsifiable concentrate of abamectin, and it was more suitable to be applied by low volume spray.

关 键 词：有机硅助剂 阿维菌素 微乳剂 药效 低容量喷雾 

分 类 号：S482.92[农业科学—农药学]