否定副词“未尝+不”形式初探  

Exploration on the Form of Negative Adverb "wei chang +bu"

作　　者：刘敏[1] 邓慧爱[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南第一师范学报》2009年第6期134-136,共3页Journal of First Teachers College of Hunan

摘　　要："未尝+不"形式在古代汉语和近代汉语中大都是用一个双重否定表示一种周遍性的强调,而在清以后的白话小说中却是表示一种委婉的肯定,语气较弱。其主要原因一是"没有"盛行以后,"未尝"表示否定的语法功能逐渐被"没有"取代;二是"没有"进入到双重否定句式中,具有周遍意义。"未尝"作为双重否定表示委婉的肯定这一语义特征加强,"未尝不"形式表示委婉的肯定与其所在的句式联系是比较紧密的。The form of ＂wei chang ＋ bu＂ in ancient Chinese and modern Chinese is used as a double negative to express an all-reund emphases, while in vernacular fiction after Qing dynasty, it is a positive euphemism with a weaker tone. One of the main reasons is that the grammatieal function of ＂wei chang＂ was replaced by ＂mei you＂when ＂mei you＂ beeame widely used. Another reason is that the appearance of ＂mei you＂ in double negative sentence patterns had all-round meanings. The semantic fe^lture of ＂wei chang＂ as a positive euphemism in double negation became stronger. There is a close relation between the positive euphemism shown in ＂wei chang ＋ bu＂ and the sentence pattern it is used in.

关 键 词：未尝不 双重否定 发展演变 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]