农村劳动力大规模转移背景下的中国农村社会分层分析  

Research on Social Stratification in Rural China

作　　者：侯麟科[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所农业政策研究中心 [2]中国科学院研究生院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2010年第1期41-49,共9页China Rural Survey

基　　金：中国科学院研究生社会实践项目"大都市边缘区‘空心村’现象及原因分析"(项目编号:0727601185)的支持;陶然博士主持的国家自然科学基金项目"城市化过程中农地制度与相关社会保障"(项目编号:70633002)

摘　　要：基于一组大样本数据,本文尝试以家庭为单位,利用聚类分析的方法分析农业税改革后农村劳动力大规模转移背景下农村居民的社会阶层分化情况。研究发现,农村劳动力的大规模转移促使农村居民的职业和收入都发生了极大的变化,进而促使社会分层更一步深化;当前农村劳动力转移程度已经很高,大多数类型的家庭都可以分享劳动力转移的成果;农村社会已经形成了七类特征较为显著的群体,这些群体在社会中形成了一个近似金字塔形状的社会结构,传统农业家庭和年老贫困家庭成为消除贫困的主要目标。同时,在"人口红利"兑现后农村如何实现进一步发展,需要引起关注。Based on a large-sampled data,using the cluster analysis method,this paper analyzes the situation of social stratification in rural area of China after the reform of agricultural tax.As it is known that the labor migration has changed the career option and income level of rural household,and then has deepened the social stratification.The results showed that the rural labor migration has deepened in the past decades,and most people can share the benefits of income increase that are brought by the large-scale labor migration.Notably,seven subgroups with obvious characteristics have emerged and a quasi-pyramid structure has come into shape.And two of the seven subgroups,traditionally agricultural family and aged-and-poor family,become the main concern of poverty alleviation.Meanwhile,how to get enough labor to develop rural area should get more attention after 'population dividend' being cashed.

关 键 词：社会分层 农村劳动力转移 聚类分析 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] D422[政治法律—政治学]