论非传统安全研究的理论架构  

Non-Traditional Security Studies (NTSS):A Theoretical Framework

作　　者：巴里·布赞[1] 余潇枫[2] 

机构地区：[1]英国伦敦政治经济学院 [2]浙江大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2010年第1期113-133,共21页World Economics and Politics

摘　　要：区别于传统安全研究的思考方式,非传统安全研究的理论框架构建于国际安全研究、国际关系研究和其他学科研究相互关联问题领域的基础之上。作者着重分析了各类国际安全研究必然涉及的、且能对传统安全研究与非传统安全研究做出区分的五个基本问题,并从不同研究视角对国际安全研究做了时间上的排序分析。在分析了国际安全研究领域中安全的指涉对象、安全问题驱动的内/外维度、安全的领域、安全政治的观点和安全研究的认识论与方法论这五个基本问题后,作者论述了大国政治、技术发展、关键事件、学术争论和制度化这五种驱动力对国际安全研究的关键作用,并探究了这些因素何时以及如何在传统安全研究与非传统安全研究的分化中发挥作用。This paper sets out a general framework for thinking about how to differentiate NTSS from Traditional Security Studies (TSS,aka 'Strategic Studies'). It reviews five basic questions that all types of ISS have to address,and the answers to which provide the theoretical basis to differentiate NTSS from TSS. The literature of ISS that developed after 1945 was distinctive in three ways. First,it took security rather than defence or war as its key concept,Second,this literature was distinct because it addressed the novel problem of nuclear weapons,and the consequent shift from war fighting to war avoidance. Third,ISS was much more a civilian enterprise than most earlier military and strategic literatures,this civilian element is crucial to understanding how and why ISS widened and deepened. It then discusses what explains the birth and the evolution of ISS,both its continuities and its transformations. Five driving forces are particularly central to understanding how,why and when ISS evolved as it did: great power politics,technology,key events,the internal dynamics of academic debates,and institutionalisation. Whether the traditionalists like it or not,the process and meaning of securitisation are now as much a part of ISS as discussion about threats and how to handle them.

关 键 词：国际安全研究 战略研究 和平 权力 认识论 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]