静电收集式氡析出率仪的计算公式讨论  

DISCUSSION ON THE FORMULA OF ELECTROSTATIC COLLECTION RADON EXHALATION RATE MONITOR

作　　者：苟全录[1] 张智慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》1998年第5期420-426,共7页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：从放射性衰变的基本理论出发，结合静电收集式氡析出率仪收集室内氡及其子体变化规律及其影响因素，导出了氡析出率的理论计算公式，并对Ｚ的取值进行了讨论。从而说明了目前所见的静电式氡析出率仪计算公式中存在的问题，引入有效衰变常量导出了氡析出率测量的实用公式。还对收集室内氡发射的α粒子的影响以及前一个点测量中剩余的氡子体对下次测量的影响进行了讨论，给出了相应的修正系数，使得该方法更加完善，也更符合实际。The formula for calculating radon exhalation rate from the surface of materials are deduced based the theory of radioactiviety decay by considering factors which effect the change of radon and its decay products. The selection of value of Z in the formula are also discussed and some problems that exist in the available formula used to calculate the radon exhalation rate are explicated. The practical formula are deduced by adopting the effective decay constant λ e of radon in the collector. The fraction of α particles emitted by radon which effects the measurement results and the contribution of radon decay products left in the former measurement to the next measurement are also considered,and the correction factors are given respectively. The method is more complete and more practical.

关 键 词：静电收集 氡析出率仪 有效衰变常量 衰变 

分 类 号：O571.3[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] O613.16[理学—物理]