陕西省神木县连续三年气传花粉监测  

Airborne Pollens in Shenmu County, Shanxi Province in Successive Three Years

作　　者：麻保玉 何海娟[2] 牛永亮 关凯[2] 王良录[2] 乔秉善[2] 尹佳[2] 王进峰 车玉兰 曹斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省神木县医院,陕西神木719300 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态反应科,北京100730

出　　处：《中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志》2009年第4期249-253,共5页Chinese Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅科学技术研究发展计划攻关项目(2003K10-G67)

摘　　要：目的探讨陕西省神木县空气中花粉的种类、数量及飘散规律。方法2003年10月～2006年9月应用重力沉降法进行连续3年每日花粉曝片监测。结果3年共收集到花粉80900粒/1000mm2,所收集到的花粉中能鉴定到科的隶属17科;能鉴定到属的隶属21属;能鉴定到种的仅1个种;鉴定出的花粉总计隶属28科22属1个种。其中蒿属花粉含量最高,占花粉总量的78.24%,其花粉季节为7～9月,高峰期为8月下旬至9月上半月;含量超过1%的花粉还包括杨属、藜或苋科、禾本科、桦木属、桑属、榆属、栎属及槐属花粉。全年花粉含量月分布呈现两个高峰,第一个高峰为7～9月,主要花粉为蒿属及藜或苋科等莠草花粉,占全年花粉总量的83.15%;第二个高峰为3～5月,主要花粉为杨属、桦木属、榆属、栎属等树木花粉,占全年花粉总量的12.48%。结论该地区花粉季节有两个:夏秋季为主要花粉季节,主要气传花粉为蒿属及藜或苋科等莠草花粉;春季为次要花粉季节,主要气传花粉为树木花粉;蒿属花粉为该地区绝对优势气传花粉。Objective To investigate the classification, amount and seasonal distribution of airborne pollen in Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province. Methods Daily airborne pollen monitoring was performed by Gravitational Method by using Ye＇s Sampler for successive three years since December 2003 to September 2006. Results 80 900 grains of pollen/1 000 mmz were collected within the three years in total. The pollens of plants which can be identified in the level of family belong to 17 families of botanic classification, the pollens which are identifiable in the level of genus belong to 21 genera, and only one kind of pollen can be identified as a defined spices. Pollens belongs to 28 families, 22 genera and 1 species of botanic classification were identified in our survey in summary. The most abundant airborne pollen is Artemisia, accounting for as much as 78.24%, whose pollination period was from July to September, while peak value was shown between last ten days of August and first half of September. There were another 8 kinds of common and abundant airborne pollens in Shenmu County besides Artemisia, whose content was above 1%. They were Populus, CHENOPODIACEAE or AMARANTHACEAE, GRAMINEAE, Betula, Morus,Ulmus, Quercus and Sophora pollen. There were two peak segments shown in mensal distribution curve of annual airborne pollen count, while peak value of mensal pollen count was seen in the period from July and September, followed by the period from March to May. The major airborne pollens were weed pollens such as Artemisia, CHENOPODIACEAE or AMARANTHACEAE pollen in summer-autumnal period, accounting for as much as 83.15% of total annual pollen count, and tree pollens such as Populus, Betula, Ulmus, Quercus pollens in spring, accounting for as much as 12.48% respectively. Conclusions There were two pollen seasons in Shenmu County： the major one was in summer-autumn and minor one in spring, whose major airborne pollens were weed pollens such as Artemisia, CHENOPODIACEAE or AMARANTHACEAE pollen and tree pollens respectively. Th

关 键 词：气传花粉 花粉鉴定 花粉监测 花粉含量 季节播散规律 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]