儿童感染者鲍曼不动杆菌的分布与耐药趋势分析  

Analysis on clinical distribution and drug resistance changes of Acinetobacter baumannii in infected children

作　　者：申燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市妇幼保健院检验科,400013

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2010年第2期136-138,共3页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的了解重庆地区儿童感染者中鲍曼不动杆菌的分布特点及耐药性变化,指导临床合理用药。方法采用BDPhoenixTM100 System全自动微生物鉴定/药敏系统,对2006年1月至2009年10月儿童感染者临床标本中分离的1125株鲍曼不动杆菌进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果1125株鲍曼不动杆菌以痰标本的检出率最高,为84.9%,其他各病区的分布以呼吸科(28.4%)、新生儿科(24.5%)及重症监护病房(ICU)(10.5%)为主。4年间耐药率上升幅度最大的为氨曲南和哌拉西林,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对鲍曼不动杆菌保持有较高抗菌活性的抗生素为碳青霉烯类和多黏菌素,其耐药率均小于6.0%。而第3、4代头孢菌素的耐药率变化不大,保持在20.0%～30.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论加强对儿童感染者病原菌分布特点及耐药趋势的动态监测,对指导临床合理选用抗菌药物,控制和降低细菌耐药性的产生具有重要意义。Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance changes of Acinetobacter baumannii in infected children in Chongqing for guiding clinical rational use of drugs. Methods BD PhoenixTM 100 System was applied for identification and drug susceptibility test of 1 125 strains of Acinetobaeter baumannii in infected children from January 2006 to October 2009. Results The 1 125 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were mainly distributed in respiratory department （28. 4%）,neonatal departments（24. 5%）and ICU（10.5%）,84.9% of them came from sputum specimens. During four years, the highest rises were the resistance rates to aztreonam and piperacillin（P〈0.05）. Carbapenems and colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii maintained a high antibacterial activity,the resistance rates were both 〈6.0%. The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to the third and fourth generation cephalosporins changed little（P〉 0.05）, maintained between 20.0%- 30.0%. Conclusion To strengthen the dynamic monitoring of the pathogen distribution and drug resistance trends in infected children has the important significance for guiding clinical rational use of drugs, controlling and reducing the drug resistance.

关 键 词：鲍曼不动杆菌 呼吸道感染 儿童 抗药性 细菌 

分 类 号：R378.99[医药卫生—病原生物学] R725.6[医药卫生—基础医学]