高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)气溶胶的发生与传播机制  

Transmission mechanism of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus aerosol

作　　者：曹永芝[1] 马卫明[1] 陈书民[2] 柴同杰[1] 宋移福[1] 贺加双[1] 刘莲莲[1] 谢冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省畜牧兽医总站检验中心,山东济南250022

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2010年第2期154-158,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：博士后基金资助项目(76211);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y2006D14);山东省博士后创新项目专项资金资助项目(200703043)

摘　　要：为深入认识猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)气溶胶的发生与传播机制,将35日龄无PRRSV抗体仔猪预饲1周后分为4组(PRSSV攻毒组、直接接触组、间接接触组和阴性对照组),饲养于正负压隔离器中。2个隔离器置于不同室内并通过管道相连,采用AGI-30收集器收集其空气样品。然后,将其接种Marc-145细胞,再用RT-PCR检测病毒;并检测血常规和抗体变化。结果发现,攻毒组于攻毒后4d开始形成气溶胶,并持续到试验结束。气溶胶高峰出现在攻毒后15d。气溶胶传播的间接接触组从临床症状、病理变化、提取病理组织核酸和抗体检测等多个方面都证明其感染了PRRSV,并经鼻腔向外排毒;直接接触组和间接接触组几乎同时感染PRRSV。试验表明,PRRSV不仅能形成气溶胶并且能够通过其迅速感染临近猪群。The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome-free piglets were bred in a positive and negative pressure isolator wh,ch were connected by aleak-free pipe. Aerosol samples were collected by AGI-30 （All Glass Impinger-30） extractor, simultaneously nasal swabs, whole blood and serum samples were collected in different periods after challenged with PRRSV. The above-mentioned samples were detected by ceil culture and RT-PCR. The results indicated that aerosols could be isolated from 4 d to the last day of the experiment. The aerosol concentration peaked at 15 d past-innoculation（dpi）. Airborne transmission did occur,as shown by clinlcal symptoms, pathological change, tissue nucleic acid and seroconversion to PRRSV in aerosol exposed pigs. Also, the PRRSV could be isolated from the aerosol exposed pigs by nasal swabs. Direct-contact group and indirect-contact group were infected at the same time. It was proved that high virulent PRRSV not only could form aerosols,but also very rapidly infect the aerosol exposed pigs.

关 键 词：仔猪 高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 气溶胶 传播机制 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]