湛江市土壤有机氯农药残留状况及空间分布特征  

Residues and Spatial Distributions of OCPs in Soils of Zhanjiang

作　　者：马瑾[1] 邱兴华[1] 周永章[2] 万洪富[3] 朱彤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100871 [2]中山大学地球科学系,地球环境与地球资源研究中心,广州510275 [3]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广州510650

出　　处：《地理学报》2010年第1期103-112,共10页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国土资源部农业地质与生态地球化学调查项目(121201511216)~~

摘　　要：选取位于中国大陆最南端的湛江市为研究区域,对该市土壤进行了系统采样分析,测定了61个表层土壤样品中的17种有机氯农药的含量。利用多元地统计和GIS相结合的方法,研究了17种有机氯农药的残留状况及空间分布情况。结果表明,17种有机氯农药在42个土壤样品中均有不同程度的检出,其中p,p'-DDE检出率为100%,3种有机氯农药检出率在90%以上。其中六六六和滴滴涕残留较普遍,六六六未达到污染水平,有一个土壤样品滴滴涕超过国家土壤环境质量一级标准。分析显示,近期可能仍有新的六六六输入土壤环境,而滴滴涕则主要来自过去施用农药的残留。主成分分析显示17种有机氯农药可以由6个主成分反映,分别对应于工业HCH和林丹的使用、农药使用习惯以及当地病虫害特点等。采用克里格插值法对有机氯农药在研究区的空间分布进行了研究,结果表明不同有机氯农药在研究区分布存在很大差异。In this study, investigations were conducted on residues of organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） in soils in Zhanjiang city, China. A total of 61 soil samples were collected from sites which were representative of the region for analysis of contents of OCPs. And with the aid of multi-variate geostatistics and GIS, residues and spatial distributions of 17 types of OCPs were analyzed. Results show that the 17 OCPs were detected, various in contents of all the soil samples. HCHs and DDTs residues were below the criteria of the national standards for soil environment quality. Residue content of β-HCH was the highest among HCHs, indicating some recent input of HCH to soils, while for DDT, no sign of new input was found. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the 17 OCPs in the soil may have 6 major contributors, corresponding respectively to the use of industrial HCH and lindane, plant diseases and insect pests and the pesticide use, etc. By means of ordinary Kriging interpolation, studies on spatial distribution of OCPs showed that the 17 OCPs varied greatly in spatial distribution between types.

关 键 词：土壤 有机氯农药 多元地统计 GIS 空间分布 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]