静脉血栓栓塞症患者的临床特点和增龄性变化  

Clinical features and ageing-related changes in patients with venous thromboembolism

作　　者：康丽君[1] 费建文[1] 于鹏飞[1] 唐燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市烟台山医院呼吸内科,264001

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2010年第1期46-48,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：基金项目：国家“十五”攻关课题（2001BA7031315）

摘　　要：目的调查静脉血栓栓塞症的发病情况，并分析其临床特点和增龄性变化。方法收集我院2002年6月至2008年6月收治的114200例住院患者的临床资料并进行回顾性分析，对静脉血栓栓塞症患者的性别、年龄、吸烟史、原发疾病等危险因素进行统计。结果静脉血栓栓塞症患者1445例（1．27％）．深静脉血栓形成发病率1．25％（1433例），肺血栓栓塞症发病率0．13％（153例），肺血栓栓塞症病死率11．11％（16例）。深静脉血栓形成多发生于下肢，共1348例（94．1％），两侧肢体发生率差异无统计学意义。下腔静脉血栓49例（3．4％）；盆腔静脉23例（1．6％）；上肢13例（0．9％）。静脉血栓栓塞症患者发病高峰年龄为51～60岁，434例（30．0％）。静脉血栓栓塞症患者最常见的危险因素有创伤（1107例，76．6％）、手术（903例，62．5％）等；男性静脉血栓栓塞症、深静脉血栓栓塞症和肺血栓栓塞症分别为866例（59．9％）、859例（59．4％）和94例（6．5％）；女性静脉血栓栓塞症、深静脉血栓栓塞症和肺血栓栓塞症分别为579例（40．1％）、574例（39．7％）和59例（4．1％），二者比较，差异无统计学意义（．P〉0．05）。结论静脉血栓栓塞症的发病率男女性别无差异；静脉血栓栓塞症的发病率随增龄而增长；深静脉血栓形成多见于下肢；静脉血栓栓塞症患者最常见的危险因素有创伤、手术、心肺疾患、增龄、深静脉炎、长期吸烟、恶性肿瘤、妊娠与分娩、制动、静脉血栓栓塞症既往史等。Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary thromboembolism （PTE） and deep venous thrombosis （DVT）. Methods The dinical data of 114 200 inpatients from June 2002 to June 2008, including gender, age, smoking history, primary disease and risk factors, were reviewed. Results There were 1445（1.27%） cases with venous thromboembolism （VTE）, while 1433（1.25%） patients suffered from DVT and 153（0.13%） patients suffered from PTE, 16（11.11%） patients were dead of PTE. Of all the DVT patients, there were 1348（94.1%） cases with DVT of lower limbs with no significant difference between left or right lower limb （P〉0.05）. There were 49（3.4%） cases with inferior vena cava, 23（1.6%） cases with cavitas pelvis veins and 13（0.9%） cases with upper extremity veins. The peak ages of morbidity were between 51 to 60 years. Conclusions The incidence of VTE is increasing with ageing and there is no significant difference between males and females. The most common risk factors for thromboembolism include trauma, surgery, cardiac and pulmonary disease, age over 50 years, deep phlebitis, long-term smoking, cancer, pregnancy, childbirth, braking, history of VTE, etc. We may lower the incidence and mortality of VTE by strengthening prevention work according to the high risk factors.

关 键 词：静脉血栓形成 肺栓塞 

分 类 号：R543.6[医药卫生—心血管疾病]