抗日根据地时期的女性离婚问题——以晋西北(晋绥)高等法院25宗离婚案为中心的考察  

Female divorce in the Anti-Japanese Bases——centered around 25 divorce cases by the Superior Court of Northwest Shanxi or Jin-Sui

作　　者：岳谦厚[1] 罗佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《安徽史学》2010年第1期51-60,共10页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金(编号为05BZS031);教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"(编号为NCET-07-0526)基金资助

摘　　要：中共晋西北抗日民主政权建立后即颁布《晋西北婚姻暂行条例》,对女性离婚权予以法律上的肯定。一批农村妇女以情感、经济等原因向丈夫提出离婚,根据地婚姻观念或离婚现象呈现出与以往不同的景观。由于离婚案件频频发生,影响了中共抗战大局,中共中央于1943年发表关于各抗日根据地妇女工作方针的"四三决定",修正过去"激进"的婚姻变革路线,以将妇女关注的重点由婚姻问题转向生产建设并缓解根据地两性之间日益紧张的矛盾。这种策略性的政策转变引起法院对待离婚案件的处理发生演变,即不同时期性质相同或相近之案件,其审理结果迥然相异。这亦说明婚姻变革须立足于现实的客观实际。Shortly after its establishment, the Northwest Shanxi Anti -Japanese democratic power promulgated The Temporary Marriage Regulations of Northwest Shanxi, to give juridical affirmation to female divorce right. A number of village women put forward divorce against their husbands on account of emotional and economic reasons and the like. As a result of it, the base marriage idea or divorce phenomena presented a different sight from ever before. Because divorce cases occurred rather frequently and even influenced the general situation of fighting against the invading Japanese army, the central committee of the Chinese Communist Party announced in 1943, the ＂43-Decision＂ with regard to the policy of women work in every Anti - Japanese base, to revise the past ＂radical＂ marriage reforming route, converting the women＇ s focus from marriage to produc- tion, and alleviating contradictions of the two genders in the bases. The change of strategic policy caused an evolvement of divorce case handling in court, namely, similar cases treated at different periods have utterly different results. This proved that marriage reform must have a foothold in objective reality as well.

关 键 词：晋西北抗日根据地 《晋西北婚姻暂行条例》 离婚 

分 类 号：K269.5[历史地理—历史学]