生物熏蒸结合阳光消毒治理温室根结线虫技术  

Managment technology of Meloidogyne incognita on greenhouse vegetables using biofumigation combined with solarization

作　　者：黄文坤[1] 张桂娟[2] 张超[2] 张东升[1] 王秉宇[1] 彭德良[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]北京市大兴区植保植检站,北京102600

出　　处：《植物保护》2010年第1期139-142,共4页Plant Protection

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(nyhyzx07-050);北京市农委政府购买科技服务项目(BJNY2007-03)课题

摘　　要：根结线虫病是危害北方大棚蔬菜的重要病害，严重影响蔬菜的产量。利用“麦秆＋石灰氮”及“麦秆＋鸡粪＋碳酸氢铵”两种方法进行生物熏蒸，结合夏季高温闷棚进行阳光消毒，探讨了对温室蔬菜根结线虫的控制效果。结果表明，生物熏蒸结合阳光消毒措施处理后2个月，根结线虫数量减少40．8％～49．6％、防治效果达60．3％～68．1％；采摘期增产率达18．5％～22．1％，显著高于生防制剂Sr18的控制效果，但低于熏蒸性杀线虫剂棉隆的控制效果。生物熏蒸结合阳光消毒治理蔬菜根结线虫，具有操作简便、防治效果好、投入产出比高等优点，适宜夏季在北方温室蔬菜上使用。Meloidogyne incognita is an important pest of greenhouse vegetables in northern China, which has serious impacts on the yield. In order to investigate the control effect of M. incognita, field soils were treated with biofumigation materials, including wheat straw ＋ calcium cyanamide and wheat straw ＋foul dung ＋ammonium hydrogen carbonate, combined with solarization in August. The results showed that the nematode populations in treated soils were decreased by 60.3%-68.1%, and tomato yields increased by 18.5%-22.1% after treated by the two treatments. The control efficacy of the two treatments was significantly higher than that of Sr18 but lower than that of dazomet. The treatment of biofumigation combined with solarization had many advantages in managing M. incognita, such as convenient operation, efficient effect and profitable input-output ratio. It was suitable for the management of nematodes on greenhouse vegetables in summer .

关 键 词：生物熏蒸 阳光消毒 根结线虫 石灰氮 棉隆 

分 类 号：S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学]