新型阳离子有机硅QAS222对铝硅矿物浮选行为的研究  

Research on Relation of Novel Organosilicon Cation Surfactant QAS222 and Aluminosilicate Mineral Flotation Behaviors

作　　者：余新阳[1,2] 钟宏[1] 刘广义[1] 苏晓明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院,长沙410083 [2]江西理工大学资环学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《非金属矿》2010年第1期11-13,17,共4页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：国家973项目(2005CB623701);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50874118);江西理工大学重点课题

摘　　要：考察了自行合成的新型有机硅阳离子表面活性剂QAS222对一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石等4种铝硅矿物的浮选行为,并以其为铝硅酸盐矿物的捕收剂,进行了不同铝硅比的人工混合矿反浮选分离脱硅试验研究。试验研究结果表明,新型阳离子有机硅季铵盐类化合物是铝土矿反浮选脱硅的有效捕收剂;酸性条件下QAS222对一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶腊石和伊利石表现较好的捕收力,但此时反浮选分离趋势不明显;而在碱性条件下,以QAS222为捕收剂,随着矿浆pH值的上升,4种矿物的可浮性出现了不同程度的减低,尤其是当矿浆pH>9后,一水硬铝石的上浮率骤减,铝硅矿物之间表现出了良好的反浮选分离趋势;在矿浆pH值为11时,以QAS222为捕收剂,不添加其它任何抑制剂,成功地实现不同铝硅比的人工混合矿的反浮选脱硅,并获得较好的选别指标——当给矿A/S仅有2.7时,仍能获得精矿A/S为12.82,其中Al2O3品位77.79%、回收率69.91%的较好指标,且当给矿A/S不断增大时,精矿中的A/S,Al2O3的品位和回收率都有所提高。The flotation behaviors of diaspore, kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite were observed with novel cationic surfactant QAS222 synthesized in lab as collector. And the reverse flotation experiment of mixed minerals ore were carried out. The flotation experimental results show that novel organosilicon quaternary ammonium is an effective collector of reverse flotation desilication from bauxite in the alkaline conditions. Under acid conditions the four minerals of diaspore, kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite have good floatability with the QAS222 collector, and the tendency in reverse flotation is not obvious. Under alkaline conditions, the recoveries of the four minerals decreased at different rates with the increase of pH value, especially at slurry pH value higher than 9 that of diaspore turn down sharply and there is an obvious tendency in reverse flotation of diaspore from the three aluminosilicate minerals. With QAS222 as collector of aluminosilicates, using NaOH to regulate pH 11, without any other reagent, the reverse flotation separation of aluminosilicates and diaspore can be carried out successfully. As the A/S of mixed minerals is only 2.7, the grade of Al2O3 is 77.79% in concentrate with recovery of Al2O3 69.91% and A/S is 12.82. The grade and recovery of concentrate all increase with increase of A/S of mixed minerals.

关 键 词：阳离子捕收剂 反浮选脱硅 铝硅酸盐矿物 有机硅 

分 类 号：TD97[矿业工程—选矿]