新疆小麦品种籽粒硬度及puroindoline基因等位变异的分子检测  

Kernel hardness and Allelic Variations of Puroindoline Genes in Xinjiang Wheat Cultivars

作　　者：王亮[1] 穆培源[1] 桑伟[1] 徐红军[1] 庄丽[2] 邹波[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学生命科学院,新疆石河子832002

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2010年第1期17-22,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：兵团博士资金项目(05JC02);兵团科技支疆计划项目(2008ZJ10);国家自然科学基金项目(30560078);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A02-30);兵团科技攻关计划项目(2006GG04)

摘　　要：为了解新疆小麦品种籽粒硬度概况和puroindoline基因等位变异类型及其分布,以121份新疆冬、春小麦品种(包括51份农家品种和70份育成品种)为材料,采用单粒谷物特性测试仪(SKCS)和分子标记技术,对其SKCS硬度及puroindoline基因型进行了测试和鉴定。结果表明,新疆小麦硬度变化范围较大,以硬质麦为主,占61.2%。冬性农家品种籽粒硬度高于春性农家品种,冬、春小麦育成品种籽粒硬度基本相同(60.6和60.8)。新疆小麦puroindoline基因的类型丰富,共检测到野生型(Pinb-D1 a)、Pina-D1 b、Pinb-D1 b、Pinb-D1 p、Pinb-D1 ab和Pinb-D1 ac6种类型。硬质麦以Pina-D1 b、Pinb-D1 p、Pinb-D1 b3种突变类型为主,其频率分别为33.8%、31.1%和28.4%。冬性农家品种含有3种类型,以Pina-D1 a/Pinb-D1 b类型居多,春性农家品种含有4种类型,以野生型(Pina-D1 a/Pinb-D1 a)为主,冬、春麦育成品种含有4种常见类型,其中冬麦以Pinb-D1 b类型为主,其频率为39.5%,春麦以Pina-D1 b(PINA缺失)类型为主,其频率为59.4%。另外,冬性农家品种中有4个品种属于Pina-D1 a/Pinb-D1 ab类型,春性农家品种中有1个品种属于Pina-D1 a/Pinb-D1 ac类型,均属硬质麦的稀有突变类型。不同puroindoline基因型的籽粒硬度大小也存在差异,其中Pinb-D1 ab突变型的硬度值最高,Pinb-D1 a最低,并且Pina-D1 b、Pinb-D1 b和Pinb-D1 p3种硬质类型的籽粒硬度没有显著性差异。In order to know the situation of kernel hardness and allelic distribution of puroindoline genes in Xinjiang winter and spring wheat cultivars. The kernel hardness was tested by SKCS and variations of pu roindoline genes were identified with molecular marker in total of 121 Xinjiang wheat cultivars including 51 landraces and 70 bred cultivars. The results indicated that the range of kernel hardness was much wider in Xinjiang wheat regions, hard wheat was the predominate types with frequency of 61.20%. The average ker nel hardness index of winter landraces was higher than that of spring landraces, and kernel hardness of winter bred cultivars was similar to that of spring bred cultivars. The allelic variations of puroindoline genes in Xinjiang wheat cultivars was rather abundant, six puroindoline genotypes, including wild type （Pinb-D1a）, Pina-D1b, Pinb-D1b, Pinb-Dlp, Pinb-D1ab and Pint〉D1ac, were presented in Xinjiang wheats. Pina-D1b, Pinb-D1p and Pin＆D1b were the most popular genotypes in hard wheat with frequen cies of 33.8o/00, 31.1~~ and 28.4G, respectively. Three puroindoline genotypes were presented in winter landraces, and Pina-D1a / Pinb-D1b was the predominant genotype. Four puroindoline genotypes were presented in spring landraces, and Pina-D1a / Pinb-D1a （wild type） was the predominant genotype. Four common puroindoline genotypes were presented in winter and spring bred cultivars, and Pina-D1a / Pinb- D1b was the predominant genotype with a frequency of 39.5% in winter bred cultivars and Pina-D1b / Pinb-D1a（PINA null）was the predominant genotype with a frequency of 59.4% in spring bred cultivars. In addition, 4 winter landraces hold genotype of Pina-D1a / Pinb-D1ab and 1 spring landrace holds genotype of Pina-D1a / Pinb-D1ac, the rare mutants of puroindoline gene. There were difference in the kernel hardness among different puroindoline genotypes, the kernel hardness index of mutant Pinb-D1ab was the highest and that of Pina-D1a / Pinb-D1a was the lowest in all genotypes. There were not

关 键 词：小麦 籽粒硬度 PUROINDOLINE基因 STSmarker CAPsmarker 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330