三个陆面模式对新疆地区陆面过程模拟的对比研究  

A Study on the Thermal Process Simulations of Multiple Land Surface Models in Xinjiang

作　　者：刘金婷[1,2] 马柱国[2] 罗德海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境学院气象系,山东青岛266003 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2009年第6期1242-1249,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重大基础研究"973"项目(2006CB400504);国家自然科学基金项目(40830956;40775055)共同资助

摘　　要：利用实测的大气观测数据建立陆面模式驱动场,分别驱动Biosphere-Atmosphere TransferScheme(BATS),Land Surface Model(LSM),Common Land Model(CoLM)三个陆面模式,对新疆地区99个测站的陆面热力过程进行了off-line模拟研究,对比分析了三个模式模拟结果的异同,并利用观测的土壤温度检验了各个模式的模拟性能。结果表明:三个模式对所吸收的太阳辐射、地表感热通量、地表潜热通量和Bowen比的模拟结果有明显差别,其中CoLM模拟的太阳辐射、感热通量和土壤温度比BATS和LSM大。用观测的土壤温度对三个模式模拟性能的检验表明BATS模拟的土壤温度最接近观测值,大约偏低1℃,而LSM和CoLM的模拟结果偏高,CoLM模拟的年际变化趋势与观测值相关性达到0.877,高于另外两个模式的模拟;BATS在天山以北模拟值偏低,CoLM在天山以南模拟结果偏高,LSM模拟的区域分布状况与实际观测最一致。这些结果为研究陆面模式在新疆地区的应用提供了一些参考,对于深入了解新疆地区的陆面过程具有重要意义。Three different land surface models including Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme （BATS）, Land Surface Model （LSM） and Common Land Model （CoLM）, were compared in off-line simulation study based on the same forcing dataset observed at 99 stations in Xinjiang Province, China. The simulated results showed that there were quite differences for absorbed solar radiation, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, Bowen Ratio and soil temperature. Among these results, the values for solar radiation, sensible heat flux and soil temperatures obtained from CoLM were larger than the other two. The latent heat flux had increased in Xinjiang Province from 1960 to 2005 and the three simulated results were in the same shape. At last, the land surface models were verified through the dataset of the observed soil temperature. The soil temperature result from BATS was very close to the observed one, which was 1℃ lower, but the ones from other models were 2-3℃ higher. For temporal characteristics, the correlation coefficient from CoLM for the interannual trends between soil temperature and observations had the highest value of 0. 877. For spatial characteristics, comparing with the soil temperature and the observed data, the results from BATS was lower, but the one from CoLM was higher in the north of Tianshan Mountain, Xinjiang Province. However, the spatial distribution curve from LSM was in good agreement with the observed land surface temperature curve. These results will provide some important references for researching the land surface process in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：新疆地区 热力过程 BATS LSM及CoLM模式 时空变化特征 

分 类 号：P456[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]