任务切换机制研究的理论争议与整合  

THEORETICAL CONTROVERSY AND INTEGRATION OF TASK SWITCHING RESEARCH

作　　者：黄四林[1] 林崇德[2] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学社会发展学院心理学系,北京100081 [2]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2009年第4期304-311,共8页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：国家自然科学基金30670717项目的资助

摘　　要：任务切换是执行控制的一种重要功能。切换代价是量化执行控制持续时间的指标,并广泛应用于各个研究领域。但是切换代价在多大程度上体现了执行控制的作用,仍然还存在争论,当前主要存在任务设置重构、任务设置惯性和联结竞争三种理论。本文首先介绍了三种理论的基本观点和实验证据,以及对任务切换加工机制的分析;其次阐明了对三种理论进行整合的相关研究;最后分析了进一步研究的方向。Task switching is an important function of executive control. The difference between the reaction times （or errors） required for task-switch and task-repeat trials is called switch cost, and some research have attempted to specify its nature and origins to uncover the mechanisms underlying task switching performance. However, there are three different theories as to whether switch cost is an indicator of the duration of executive control： task-set reconfiguration, task-set inertia and task set priming/associative retrieval. First, basic viewpoints, experimental evidences and the mechanism of task switching in the three theories were reviewed respectively. Second, we present some research about the integration of these theories. In the end, we briefed several problems and prospected the developmental tendency in this research field in the future.

关 键 词：任务切换 切换代价 剩余代价 执行控制 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]