稠油注蒸汽层内水热裂解降黏实验研究  

A Study on Aquathermolysis for Heavy Oil Upgrading under Steam Injection Conditions

作　　者：秦文龙[1,2] 苗建宇[1] 刘通 蒲春生[2] 

机构地区：[1]大陆动力学国家重点实验室(西北大学),西北大学地质学系,陕西西安710069 [2]陕西省油气田特种增产技术重点实验室(西安石油大学),陕西西安710065 [3]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《油田化学》2009年第4期402-404,共3页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：西安石油大学科技创新基金项目"油溶性水热裂解催化剂对稠油的强化降粘机理研究"(项目编号Z08026);中国石油化工股份有限公司重大攻关项目"稠油注蒸汽化学辅助催化裂解降黏剂研制"(项目编号YC0704)

摘　　要：在静态和动态条件下考察了油溶性有机铁盐类催化剂XAGD-2在200℃温度下催化孤东稠油水热裂解反应的效果。静态反应在高压釜中进行,加水量为稠油质量的30%,催化剂加量0.05%0.8%,时间24小时。催化剂加量0.3%时,静态水热裂解稠油50℃黏度(原始值25.3Pa·s)降低75.6%;H含量增大,C、O、N含量减少,S含量显著减少;与不加催化剂的实验结果相比,胶质、沥青质进一步减少,饱和烃、芳香烃进一步增多。在模拟蒸汽吞吐过程的饱和稠油填砂管水热裂解实验中,注汽后放置12小时回采,随吞吐轮次增加(15轮次),单轮次采收率由3.70%降至0.64%(总计9.43%),采出稠油降黏率由47.7%降至32.4%;蒸汽吞吐前先注入0.3PV10g/L的催化剂溶液(折合催化剂用量0.3%),单轮次采收率由第一轮次的8.50%降至第五轮次的0.66%(总计17.87%),第一轮次降黏率76.3%,第二轮次升至87.6%,逐渐降至第五轮次的74.4%。讨论了稠油改质、降黏、提高采收率的机理。The aquathermolysis（ATh） of Gudong heavy crude oil （HCO） was investigated at the presence of an oil-soluble catalyst, XAGD-2 （organic acids salts of iron）, at 200℃ under static and dynamic conditions. The static ATh was conducted in an autoclave in 24 hrs with 30% water and 0.05---0. 8% catalyst introduced. When 0. 3% catalyst introduced,the viscosity of the aquathermolysized HCO at 50℃ reduced from its original value 25.3 Pa· s by 57.6% ;the H content increased,the C, O,and N contents decreased and the S content dramatically decreased ; the resins and asphaltenes fractious lessened and the satarated and aromatic hydrocarbons fractions-- richened further in comparison with that of the HCO aquathermolysized without any catalyst. The dynamic ATh experiments were conducted in HCO saturated sand packs under conditions simulating steam huff-puff in 5 cycles with interval between huff and puff 12 hrs. When no catalyst was used the oil recovery in cycle decreased from 3.70% to 0. 64% with total oil recovery being of 9.43% and the viscosity of the recovered,aquathermolysized HCO reduced by a rate decreased from 47.7% to 32.4% as the number of huff-puff cycle rised from 1 to 5. When 0. 3 PV of 10 g/L catalyst solution, or 0. 3% catalyst, was introduced prior to steam huff-puff, the oil recovery decreased from 8.50% for the first cycle to 0. 66% for the fifth cycle with the total oil recovery being of 17.87% and the viscosity reduction was 76. 3% in the first cycle, rised to 87. 6% in the second cycle and gradually dropped down to 74. 4% in the fifth cycle. The mechanisms involved in HCO upgrading,viscosity reduction and enhanced recovery were discussed.

关 键 词：胜利孤东稠油 地层水热裂解 有机铁盐 油溶性催化剂 降黏 改质 蒸汽吞吐 动态模拟 

分 类 号：TE357.44[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TQ426.99[化学工程]