流感病毒重配的研究进展  

Progress in Research on Reassortment of Influenza Virus

作　　者：沈娟[1] 陈元鼎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院医学生物学研究所,昆明650118

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2010年第1期101-104,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：流感病毒是带包膜、基因组分节段的单股负链RNA病毒。其RNA片段在自然感染过程中发生很频繁的重配,造成病毒抗原性,特别是表面糖蛋白HA和NA抗原性的快速变异,使得病毒逃避机体的免疫监视,导致感染和发病,同时给用疫苗预防免疫带来了困难。利用病毒基因片段自然重配(也称传统重配)的特性或反向遗传学技术,筛选自然基因重配或试验基因重配的流感毒株,获得高滴度、减毒、免疫原性和免疫保护效果好的疫苗毒株,对控制人类或动物流感的暴发和流行具有重要的社会和经济意义。本文对流感病毒的传统重配方法和反向遗传学重配方法及其应用的研究进展作一综述。Influenza virus is an enveloped single negative stranded RNA virus with segmental genome.The RNA fragments of influenza virus are reassorted frequently during natural infection,resulting in rapid variation of virus antigenicity especially those of surface glycoprotein HA and NA,which makes the virus escape the immune monitoring,causes infection and pathogenesis and brings difficult to prevention of influenza by vaccination.Based on the character of natural reassortment （i.e.traditional reassortment）of virus gene fragments or reverse genetic technique,the influenza virus strains with reassortment of natural genes or test genes were screened to obtain attenuated strains with high titer,immunogenicity and immune protection,which are of important social and economic significances in controlling the outbreak and epidemic of influenza in humans or animals.The progresses in research on traditional and reverse genetic methods for reassortment of influenza virus as well as their applications are reviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：流感病毒 基因重配 反向遗传学技术 质粒系统 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]