苏丹草-黑麦草轮作中氮磷钾配施对饲草产量与养分积累的影响  

Effect of NPK combination on forage yield and nutrient accumulation under sudangrass and ryegrass regime

作　　者：李文西[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 鲁君明 陈防[3] 李小坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北荆州市大同湖管理区农业服务中心,湖北荆州433221 [3]中国科学院武汉植物园,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2009年第6期5-10,共6页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)国际合作项目(Hu-bei-22)资助

摘　　要：在大田试验条件下采用"盐池"苏丹草(Sorghum sudanensecv.Yanchi)与"邦德"一年生黑麦草(Lolium multiflorumcv.Abundant)轮作研究氮磷钾肥配合施用对饲草产量及养分积累的影响。结果表明:氮磷钾配施处理中(NPK N 450 kg/hm2、P2O5180 kg/hm2、K2O 300 kg/hm2)的饲草鲜草产量在各处理中最高,两季合计达162.7 t/hm2;其中苏丹草鲜草产量为102.3 t/hm2,分别比不施肥(CK)、不施氮(PK)、不施磷(NK)和不施钾(NP)处理增产352.7%、356.7%、28.2%和13.9%;黑麦草鲜草产量为60.4 t/hm2,分别比CK、PK、NK和NP处理增产344.1%、255.3%、24.8%和25.3%。配施NPK处理,全生育期饲草干物质日均积累量为65.2 kg/hm2,分别比CK、PK、NK和NP处理高215.0%、197.5%、22.0%和9.6%,苏丹草与黑麦草的干物质日均积累量分别为104.5 kg/hm2和36.9 kg/hm2。氮磷钾配施显著促进饲草的养分积累,全生育期的饲草N、P2O5和K2O积累量分别为500 kg/hm2、210kg/hm2和1 196 kg/hm2,同时,N、P2O5和K2O日均积累量分别为1.37 kg/hm2、0.58 kg/hm2和3.29kg/hm2;其中苏丹草的日均积累量分别为2.12 kg/hm20、.79 kg/hm2和4.16 kg/hm2;黑麦草的日均积累量分别为0.84 kg/hm2,0.43 kg/hm2和2.66 kg/hm2。The field trial was carried out to study the effect of NPK combination on forage yie accumulation in sudangrass and ryegrass rotation. The results indicated that the total fresh matte ld and nutrient r yield of NPK combination were the highest（162.7t/hm^2）among all treatments. In which,the fresh matter yield of sudangrass was 102. 3 t/hm^2 ,and it was 352.7% ,356.7% ,28.2% and 13.9% more than that of CK,PK,NK and NP treatments respectively. The fresh matter yield of ryegrass was 60.4 t/hm^2 ,and it was 344.1% ,255.3% ,24.8% and 25.3% more than that of CK,PK,NK and NP treatments respectively. In NPK treatment, the average daily accumulation rate of forage dry matter was 65.2 kg/hm^2,it was 215.0%, 197.5%, 22.0% and 9.6% more than that of CK,PK,NK and NP treatments in whole growth period,and they were 104.5 kg/hm^2 and 36.9 kg/hm^2 for age the and and sudangrass and ryegrass respectively. NPK combination obviously improved the nutrient accumulation in for, and the accumulation amounts of N, P2O5 and K2O were 500 kg/hm^2 , 210 kg/hm^2 and 1196 kg/hm^2 , and average daily accumulation rates in the whole period for N, P2O5 and K2O was 1.37 kg/hm^2, 0. 58 kg/hm^2 3.29 kg/hm^2 respectively,in which,they were 2.12 kg/hm^2 ,0.79 kg/hm^2 and 4.16 kg/hm^2 for sudangrass 0.84 kg/hm^2 ,0.43 kg/hm^2 and 2.66 kg/hm^2 respectively for ryegrass.

关 键 词：苏丹草-黑麦草轮作 氮磷钾配施 养分积累 日均积累量 江汉平原 

分 类 号：S544.062[农业科学—作物学]