关节软骨体外构建力学环境的研究进展  

Advances of mechanical conditions in engineering cartilage tissue

作　　者：张春秋[1] 孙明林[2] 李江[1] 叶金铎[1] 刘海英[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学机械工程学院,天津300191 [2]中国人民解放军武警医学院附属医院

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2009年第6期462-467,共6页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.10872147);天津市自然科学基金(09JCYBJC1400)

摘　　要：很多物理因素都影响软骨组织的生长和发育,其中力学因素起主要作用。软骨的生长、发育是力学调控的适应过程。当前采用多种力学条件应用于软骨生物反应器,如流体剪应力、液体压力、直接压缩等,或其中部分组合,但这些条件还没有构建出与活体软骨结构-功能相匹配的人工软骨。如果一种载荷能适合构建软骨,那么这种载荷首先能保证培养物内部信号分子、营养和废物的有效运输;其次,能对支架内种子细胞特定的力学刺激;第三,能促进培养物结构-功能的发展。本文回顾、分析当前多种力学条件的作用效果,其中流体剪应力、液体压力、拉伸、直接压缩或变形剪应力都是软骨受力状态的部分体现。作者认为滚压载荷是软骨培养的合适力学环境,它是当前多种力学条件的一个综合指标,对软骨培养物可以形成纵向的动态压缩和横向的动态变形剪应力,并且有利于细胞新陈代谢物质的运输,因此,滚压环境可能是人工软骨结构-功能构建的发展方向。There are many physical factors affecting the development of cartilage tissue, the mechanical condition is the main important one that particularly act. The mechanical conditions used in engineering cartilage tissue, such as compressive and shear force, fluid flow, hydrostatic pressure and tissue deformation or with some of them combined, were reviewed. From the standpoint of bionics, the mechanical environments applied on tissue engineering should work in three aspects： providing adequately mechanical stimuli to the cells seeded in 3-D scaffold; ensuring the efficient mass-transport of the nutrients and waste products in the cells; promoting the development of functionally extracellular matrix in 3-D scaffold. The mechanical environments currently used only represented the part of mechanical conditions of in vivo articular cartilage will be reviewed. In our view that rolling depression load may achieve the fit mechanical environment for cultivation of functional cartilage constructs in vitro.

关 键 词：关节软骨 组织工程 力学环境 滚压加载 功能化生长 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]