蚓粪与玉米秸混合厌氧消化实验  

Anaerobic Co-digestion of Corn Stalk and Vermicompost

作　　者：陈广银[1] 郑正[1] 邹星星[1] 方彩霞[1] 罗艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第2期520-525,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：江苏省科技项目(BS2007148);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-004)

摘　　要：在中温（35℃±1℃）条件下，考察了玉米秸不同TS负荷单独发酵和与蚓粪混合发酵对玉米秸厌氧消化过程的影响．结果表明，玉米秸单独发酵时，单位TS产气量随TS负荷的增加先增加后降低，以TS负荷为4．80％的最大，单位TS甲烷产量为217．60mL／g；当TS负荷为6．00％时，发酵前期出现酸化，pH最低为5，10；混合发酵提高了微生物的活性，增强了系统的缓冲能力，避免了发酵过程可能出现的酸化，玉米秸TS产气量提高了4．42％～58．61％，但对甲烷含量的影响不大，且对碱度的提高并无促进作用；当蚓粪与玉米秸混合比例为2：3时，玉米秸的TS产气量最高，达410．30mL／g，甲烷含量为63．21％；厌氧微生物可在一定程度上破坏玉米秸纤维素的结晶区，混合发酵促进了微生物对纤维素结晶区的破坏，以蚓粪与玉米秸混合比例为2：3时处理的效果最好，破坏率达29．36％．The characteristics of corn stalk digested alone at different total solid （TS） loading rates and co-digestion of various proportions of corn stalk and vermicompost were investigated by batch model at 35℃ ＋ 1℃. The organic loading rates （OLRs） studied were in the range of 1.2% -6.0% TS and increasing proportions of vermicompost from 20% to 80% TS. A maximum methane yield of corn stalk digested alone was 217.60 mL/g obtained at the TS loading rate of 4. 8% . However, when the TS loading rate was 6.0% , the anaerobic system was acidified and the lowest pH value was 5.10 obtained on day 4 and the biogas productivity decreased. Furthermore, co-digestion of vermicompost and corn stalk in varying proportions were investigated at constant of 6.0% TS. Co-digestion with vermicompost improved the biodegradability of corn stalk and the methane yield was improved by 4.42%-58.61% , and led to higher pH values, higher volatile fatty acids （VFAs） concentration and lower alkalinity content compared with corn stalk digested alone. The maximum biogas yield and methane yield of 410. 30 mL/g and 259.35 mL/g were obtained for 40% vermicompost and 60% corn stalk respectively. Compared with corn stalk digested alone, co-digested with vermicompost didn＇ t affect methane content and the fermentation type, but promoted the destruction of crystalline of cellulose and the highest destruction rate was 29.36% for 40% vermicompost and 60% corn stalk. Therefore, adding vermicompost was beneficial for the decomposition and increasing the biotransformation rate of corn stalk.

关 键 词：玉米秸 蚓粪 有机负荷 混合发酵 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]