生活垃圾填埋场覆盖层水分调控之保水剂筛选研究  

Screening of Water Retention Agent for Moisture Content Regulation in the Biocover of Municipal Landfill

作　　者：陆文静[1] 牟子申[1] 朱勇[1] 王洪涛[1] 赵晨曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第2期534-540,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2007AA06Z350);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC06B05);国家自然科学基金项目(40872151);浙江大学污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(EREH0708)

摘　　要：聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)类高分子合成材料对有机无机物具有较强的絮凝、吸附作用.选择10种水溶性以及4种非水溶性PAM保水剂,通过考察相对分子质量、离子类型、离子度、粒径等性状对保水性能和使用寿命的影响,对各种剂型的保水能力进行比较,确定了以持水性、重复使用性和抗干扰性为主要筛选因素的评判体系,筛选出最佳材料———非水溶性的JB和水溶性的W SN20两种剂型的保水剂.其中JB能使基质砂的饱和水合度增加32%.而加压式多步出流试验表明,垃圾中添加0.1%JB可改善其渗透性、提高持水性能、减缓渗漏,表现为基质势26.735 kPa时样品的平衡含水率比对照提高12%以上,由此明显改变垃圾的水分特征曲线.Synthetic materials of polyacrylamide （PAM） are known as the flocculating agent as well as water retention agents. In this study, ten types of water-soluble PAM as well as four types of water-insoluble ones were selected and the influences of relative molecular weight, ion types, charge density and particle size on water retention and service life were determined. Based on the results, evaluation method for performance of water retention agent was established and two optimal PAM （water-insoluble JB and water-soluble WSN20） were screened for further study. It showed that JB increased the degree of hydration of testing soil for 32% compared with that of control. Moreover, multiple-step-outflow test using municipal waste showed that addition of JB （0. 1% ） had significantly effect on its moisture characteristic curve as evidenced by increasing of equilibrium moisture content over 12% under high matrix potential.

关 键 词：聚丙烯酰胺(PAM) 保水剂 持水性能 生活垃圾 覆盖层 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]