生态脆弱矿区采煤对泉的影响  

Coal Mining Impacting on Springs in Ecologically Fragile Mining Area

作　　者：马雄德[1] 王文科[1] 范立民[2] 杨泽元[1] 朱蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西省煤炭地质测量技术中心,陕西西安710001

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2010年第1期32-36,共5页Coal Geology of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40472131);国家重点基础发展规划项目(G1999043606);陕西省软科学计划(2008KR58)

摘　　要：陕北榆神府矿区地处毛乌素沙漠和黄土丘陵两大结构系统接壤地带,是典型的生态脆弱带。矿区沙漠区多有泉水出露,泉的分布对陕北煤炭基地供水,维持矿区生态环境及揭示矿区水文地质条件变化,有着至关重要的作用。通过分析采煤后典型泉域地下径流量的变化特征,将矿区煤炭开采对泉的影响分为四级:强烈影响、较强影响、中等影响和轻微影响,并从采煤后上覆岩层移动变形规律、地下水流场变化和地下水位变化三个方面探讨了煤炭开采对泉的影响机理,提出了在保护生态水位条件下科学采煤思路。The Yulin-Shenmu-Fugu mining area in the northern Shaanxi is located at bordering area between the Mu Us desert and loess hills two structural systems, and is a typical ecologically fragile zone. Many springs arise in desert area of the mining area and play an extremely vital role in northern Shaanxi coal base water supply, hold out mining area ecological environment and monitoring variation of hydrogeological conditions. Through analysis of typical spring complex underground runoff amount changing features during and after mining divided the coal mining impacting extent on springs into four grades： strong, rather strong, medium and slight, and discussed the impacting mechanism from overlying strata movement and deformation pattern, groundwater flow field variation and groundwater level variation three aspects, put forward scientific mining thinking to maintain groundwater level tally with ecological condition.

关 键 词：泉 分布特征 煤炭开采 影响程度 影响机理:生态脆弱矿区 

分 类 号：P641.7[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]