矿井水预测探查及预警保障技术  

Mine Water Advanced Exploration and Early-warning Safeguarding Techniques

作　　者：尹尚先[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院安全工程学院,北京101601

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2010年第1期37-40,共4页Coal Geology of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40672156);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAK29B04;2007BAK24B01;2008BAB33B00);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2006CB202200);河北省自然科学基金(D2007000765)

摘　　要：阐述了矿井水灾地质保障技术的现状及发展趋势。监测预警系统以突水机理、构造预测探测及突水量预测理论为基础。为此,划分了三种突水模式:正常岩层底板突水模式、断层裂隙带突水模式、陷落柱突水模式。归纳出完整厚板整体剪切断裂导水、厚板微观压裂导升、薄板宏观整体破断导水三种基本的突水机理。在宏观预测的基础上,形成了构造及其导水性的预测探查规范程序。以微变形和破坏两种情况下流-固耦合实验结果为基础,建立了矿井涌水量预测流程,实现了区域微变形和局部采动破坏共存条件下的突(涌)水量预测。依据灾害发生的监测预警指标体系,建立了矿井水灾预警的硬件系统和识别系统。Mine water disaster geologic techniques status quo and developing trend have expounded. The monitoring and earlywarning system is based on water-bursting mechanism, structure advanced exploration and water-bursting outflow rate prediction theory. Thus, three water-bursting modes were plotted out： normal floor strata, faulted fracture zone and subsided column modes. The author has induced three basic water-bursting mechanisms of intact thick slab massive shearing fracture, thick slab microscopic pressing fracture and thin slab macroscopic massive fracture water conducting. Based on macroscopic prediction, has brought into regular processes for structures and their transrnissibility advanced exploration. Based on experimental results of fluid-solid coupling under the micro-deformation and destruction two conditions established mine inflow prediction routine technical process, realized water-bursting （inflow） prediction under the coexisting condition of regional micro-deformation and local mining destruction. According to hazard monitoring and early-warning indicator system established mine water disaster early-warning hardware system and recognition system.

关 键 词：矿井水 突水机理 预测探查 预警保障 

分 类 号：TD742[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]