不可逆反渗透分离过程的性能分析  

Performance Analysis of an Irreversible Reverse Osmosis Separation Process

作　　者：舒礼伟[1] 陈林根[1] 孙丰瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学研究生院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2010年第1期107-111,共5页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才基金资助项目(NCET-04-1006);全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金资助项目(200136)

摘　　要：在内可逆反渗透过程模型的基础上,进一步考虑了反渗透模块的摩擦损失(压力降)、水泵和水轮机的流动阻力和效率对反渗透分离过程性能的影响,建立了不可逆反渗透分离过程模型,应用有限时间热力学理论和流体流动做功装置原理对其进行研究。结果表明,增大纯水回收率或水泵效率可提高系统的热效率,增大进料压力或水轮机效率可提高纯净水的流量,而反渗透模块的摩擦损失对系统性能的影响较小。同时,也证明了反渗透分离过程消耗的功率存在最大值,即机械火用转化为化学火用的转化率有最大值。On the basis of a model for an inner reversible reverse osmosis process and with a further consideration of the influence of the friction loss of the reverse osmosis module (pressure drop),the flow resistance and efficiencies of a water pump and water turbine on the performance of a reverse osmosis separation process,set up was a model for an irreversible reverse osmosis separation process. Moreover,an investigation of the process has been performed by using the theory of finite time thermodynamics and the working principle of a fluid flow-based work-doing device. It has been found that to increase the pure water recovery rate or the efficiency of the water pump can enhance the thermal efficiency of the system. To boost the material feeding pressure or improve the efficiency of the water turbine can increase the pure water flow rate. However,the friction loss of the reverse osmosis module exercises a relatively small influence on the system performance. In the meantime,it has been proven that there exists a maximal value of the power consumed by the reverse osmosis separation process,i.e. the conversion rate of a mechanical exergy to a chemical one has a maximal value.

关 键 词：反渗透过程 不可逆 效率 分离功率 摩擦损失率 有限时间热力学 

分 类 号：O351[理学—流体力学]