平板模型沿面工频沙尘闪络特性的试验研究及放电机制分析  

Experiment Research and Mechanism Analysis on the Sand Dust Flashover of Flat Plate Model Under AC Voltage

作　　者：司马文霞[1] 杨庆[1] 吴亮[1] 马高权[1] 武坤[1] 谢博[1] 

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市沙坪坝区400044

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2010年第1期6-13,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90510014)~~

摘　　要：风沙对电力系统外绝缘放电的影响已引起广泛关注,由于污秽绝缘子的闪络与沉积在绝缘子表面的污秽性质有关,沙尘环境下的沙粒性质、状态、大气环境等均对绝缘子闪络特性有影响。因此以典型的平板模型为研究对象,在沙尘模拟实验室,对沙尘环境下外绝缘沿面工频放电特性进行了试验研究和机制分析。得到了风沙速度、风沙带电量、沙粒沉积量及沙粒含水量等因素对沿面放电的影响规律;在有风有沙和有风无沙时,平板模型沿面闪络电压Uf随风速的增大而增大,当风速达到4.5m/s后增大趋势变缓;Uf受沙尘的电荷量影响较小;当干沙粒沉积在绝缘表面时,随着沉积密度的增加,Uf存在着极小值;同时,平板模型的闪络电压还与沉积沙粒的含水量有关。在此基础上分析了风沙环境下绝缘子的沿面闪络过程和放电机制,得出了无沙区域在沿面闪络过程中起重要影响这一结论。The influence of sand dust on electrical discharge of outdoor insulation has caused wide attention. Because the flashover process of polluted insulator is related to the pollution on the surface of insulator, the flashover process of insulator in sand storm is also influenced by the air condition and the characteristics of sand dust deposited on the insulator surface. Therefore, based on the tests on the typical flat plate model, the research on the flashover process and characteristics of outdoor insulation in sand storm is presented, and the influence of wind speed, charge deposited on sand, sand quality and water quality in sand dust on the flashover process were obtained. In the wind environment with and without dust, the flashover voltage of flat plate model, Uf, increases with the increment of the wind. This increase trend becomes slow when the wind increase to be 4.5m/s. Also, the influence of the charge of sand dust on Uf is small. In the condition of sand dust deposited on fiat plate model, there is a minimum value of Uf with the increase of the density of the deposited sand dust. Besides, the flashover voltage of the dust is influenced by the moisture of the dust. Moreover, the flashover process and characteristic of the flat plate model is presented and the conclusion that the band without sand plays an important role in the flashover process is put forward.

关 键 词：沙尘 平板模型 闪络特性 闪络机制 电荷量 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]