棉田膜下滴灌土壤盐分变化规律研究  

Research on Change Law of Soil-salt under Film Drip Irrigation in Cotton Field

作　　者：弋鹏飞[1] 虎胆.吐马尔白 吴争光[1] 王一民[1] 张金珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2010年第1期72-77,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD38B01);新疆维吾尔自治区科技攻关重大专项(200731137-1);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(200821172);新疆水利水电工程重点学科资助

摘　　要：针对新疆土壤盐碱化开发利用和防止土壤次生盐渍化的问题,通过对不同年限的棉田膜下滴灌土壤盐分的运移研究,从土壤空间、棉花生育期两个方面对不同年限土壤盐分进行分析,初步得出:滴灌前,土壤垂直方向上盐分变化幅度大;滴灌后,垂直方向0～40 cm处于脱盐,60～100 cm表现为积盐。灌前和灌后在土壤水平方向和垂直方向含盐量高低变化是膜中滴头处低于棉花窄行,两者且低于膜间裸地。在棉花生育期内,播种前土壤含盐量较高,苗期含盐量降低,从蕾期到盛铃期土壤盐分逐渐升高,随后吐絮期至收获期逐渐减小。在不同年限棉田监测中,随滴灌年限的增加,土壤耕层盐分逐渐运移到土壤深层,土壤盐分经较长年限逐渐累积。This study was conducted to reveal the problems of using salineakkalisoil and preventing soil salinization and transfering soil salt under drip irrigation in cotton field in Xinjiang. The soil salt in soil space and cotton growth period in different years were analyzed. The conclusions could be drawn that be- fore the drip irrigation, the accumulation of soil-salt has big change; After the condition of irrigation, the soil-salt of layer 0--40 cm is reduced,soil-salt of layer in 60--100 cm is increased. Before and after the irri- gation, at the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the accumulation of soil-salt changes is：the cen- ter of film is smaller than cotton row,and they are both lower than that of center of back row. In the cot- ton growth period and before sowing the accumulation of soil salt is the highest, it drops during the seed- ling period. From budding stage to full bolling stage,soil salt is gradually increased and from boll opening stage to harvest stage it becomes reduce. The plough layer of soil-salt are moving deepth of soil,then it is gradually ac-cumulated through longer time,with increasing year of drip irrgation.

关 键 词：膜下滴灌 盐分运移 土壤含盐量 生育期 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]