岩溶地区隧道裂隙水突出力学机制研究  

Study of mechanism of water inrush induced by hydraulic fracturing in karst tunnels

作　　者：李利平[1] 李术才[1] 张庆松[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心,济南250061

出　　处：《岩土力学》2010年第2期523-528,共6页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：西部交通建设科技资助项目(No.2009318000008);铁道部科技研究开发计划资助项目(No.2009G005-C);国家自然科学基金(No.50874068);山东省自然科学基金(No.Y2008F22);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(No.20090461235);山东大学自主创新基金资助项目

摘　　要：岩溶地下水是诱发隧道发生突(涌)水地质灾害的主导因素之一,岩溶裂隙水对隧道围岩的危害越来越成为岩溶地区隧道建设中的热点研究问题之一。基于目前岩溶裂隙水突出机制研究现状,运用岩溶地质学、工程水力学和断裂力学相关理论分析岩溶地区隧道水岩相互作用机制,探讨了水岩相互作用对岩溶地区隧道施工发生突(涌)水的影响,揭示岩溶地区隧道裂隙水突出前后过程的力学机制。研究表明:岩溶隧道裂隙水突出是裂隙岩体在岩溶水及水压的持续作用下受施工外力干扰发生劈裂的结果,岩溶水和水压在裂隙岩体突水破坏过程中的力学作用主要体现在4个方面,即突水蓄势期岩溶水对裂隙岩体的软化溶蚀作用、水压对裂隙岩体的劈裂作用,突水失稳期水流的冲刷扩径作用、水压对突水量的动力控制作用。基于上述分析,以断裂力学、弹塑性力学理论为基础,提出岩溶隧道岩溶裂隙水突出的最小岩石防突厚度概念,推导了其半解析解表达式,并为工程实例所验证,其结果可为高风险岩溶地区隧道突水理论与防治措施提供参考。The karst groundwater is one of the most important and active master control factors inducing geohazards such as water outburst and mud gushing, it is of great significance in the evaluation, prediction and control of geohazards. The mechanism of water-rock interaction in karst tunnel has been studied by using theories of karst geology, engineering hydraulics and fracture mechanics, and the effects of such mechanism on water outburst and projecting mud soil during the construction of karst tunnel has been explored; the mechanical mechanism of water gushing process has been analyzed. The research results show that sustaining action ofkarst water and water pressure on fractured rock mass and the excavation effect lead to water outburst and mud gushing by the way of hydraulic fracture; the mechanical functions of the sustaining action is embodied in four aspects： the softening and scouring mechanical effect of water-rock on fractured rock mass, the hydraulic fracture damage effect of water pressure on fractured rock mass of preventing water, the expanding mechanical behavior of water flow on passageway and the dynamic controlling effect of water pressure on flowing yield. Accordingly, based on fracture mechanics and plastoelasticity, the concept of minimum safety waterproof thickness has been put forward; and the expression of semi-analytical solution has been given; it has been proved by a case study. The reference basis can be provided to study on theory of prevention and cure for the water gushing in the karst area.

关 键 词：岩溶隧道 裂隙水突出 力学机制 最小岩石防突厚度 半解析解 

分 类 号：U451[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]