纤维素在超临界水中的反应  

Reactions of Cellulose in Supercritical Water

作　　者：朱广用[1] 马艳华[1] 朱宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《有机化学》2010年第1期142-148,共7页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.50578091);上海市重点(No.S30109)资助项目

摘　　要：纤维素是一种非常有价值的可再生资源,通过其反应可以获得多种有用的物质.对纤维素在超临界水中的反应进行了综述.在没有催化剂的情况下,纤维素在超临界水中水解生成葡萄糖、果糖、低聚物等;对纤维素水解的设备、产物分布以及纤维素水解反应机理进行了阐述.采用Ni,Pt,Ru,KOH等作催化剂,纤维素在超临界水中发生气化反应,生成的气体产物主要为H_2,CO_2和CH_4;介绍了纤维素及其主要水解产物葡萄糖的制氢反应过程.对纤维素超临界水反应技术的发展前景进行了展望.Cellulose is a very valuable renewable resource. A variety of useful chemical compounds can be produced by the reactions of cellulose. The reactions of cellulose in supercritical water are reviewed. In the absence of a catalyst, the products for cellulose hydrolysis in supercritical water are glucose, fructose and oligomers. The experimental set-up, product distribution as well as mechanism of cellulose hydrolysis in supercritical water are discussed. Using a catalyst such as Ni, Pt, Ru, or KOH, the gasification reaction of cellulose in supercritical water occurred, and the main gas products produced were H2, CO2 and CH4. The hydrogen production processes from cellulose and glucose, which is the main product of cellulose hydrolysis reaction, are introduced. The prospect of cellulose reaction technology in supercritical water is discussed.

关 键 词：超临界水 纤维素 转化 反应 

分 类 号：TQ352.1[化学工程]