学龄儿童免疫功能相关影响因素分析  

Indoor and outdoor related factors on immune function among school children

作　　者：张志红[1] 董洁[1] 郭丽丽[1] 高建伟[1] 乔果果[1] 赵五红[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2010年第1期11-12,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30700655);山西省青年科技研究基金资助项目(2008021053)

摘　　要：目的了解室内外空气污染对山西省太原市学龄儿童免疫功能的影响。方法选择太原市不同交通污染区11～14岁学龄儿童142名作为研究对象,以问卷形式调查相关因素,用流式细胞仪检测细胞免疫功能(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+),用免疫比浊法检测体液免疫(IgG、IgA、IgM),用比浊法检测非特异免疫(唾液溶菌酶),用全自动生化分析法检测其他免疫相关细胞(白细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞、血小板)。结果经多元线性回归分析,细胞免疫功能指标CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均与尾气污染程度相关,CD3+还与上学骑自行车或摩托车、冬季采暖使用空调或电暖气因素有关;体液免疫指标IgG主要与冬季采暖方式相关,回归系数为1.172,1.743(P<0.05),IgA的影响因素为家居住宅类型,回归系数为-0.301(P<0.05);唾液溶菌酶活力的影响因素为尾气污染程度,回归系数为63.945(P<0.01);白细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞、血小板均与尾气污染程度相关,相关系数为-0.513,-0.267,-0.122,-34.855(P<0.05)。结论学龄儿童的免疫功能可能与尾气污染程度、上学交通工具、家居住宅类型、冬季采暖方式等因素有关,汽车尾气污染作用突出。Objective To understand the immune function and the effect of air pollution in school-age children in Taiyuan city of Shanxi province and to provide references for air pollution control.Methods A total of 142 pupils aged 11-14 years in different traffic pollution areas were selected and investigated with a questionnaire.Cell immune functions（CD3＋,CD4＋,CD8＋,CD4＋/CD8＋） were detected by flow cytometry.Humoral immune functions（IgG,IgA,IgM） were determined with immunological turbidimetry.The acticity of saliva bacteriolytic enzyme was detected with turbidimetry.The immune-related cells（white blood cell,lymphocyte,red blood cell,platelet） were analyzed by automatic biochemical analyzer.Results Based on multiple linear regression analysis,cell immune indexes of CD3＋,CD4＋,CD4＋/CD8＋ were correlated with traffic pollution with the regression coefficients of 7.80,7.566,0.381,respectively（P0.01）.CD3＋ was related to riding bicycle or motorcycle on the way to school and using air-conditioner and electronic heating in winter with the regression coefficients of 6.955 and 6.238（P0.05）.Humoral immune index of IgG was correlated with ways of heating in winter with regression coefficients of 1.172 or 1.743（P0.05）.The factor correlated with IgA was housing type with a regression coefficient of -0.301（P0.05）.The influencing factor of the saliva bacteriolytic enzyme activity was traffic pollution with a regression coefficient of 63.945（P0.01）.White blood cells,lymphocytes,red blood cells,and platelets were correlated with traffic pollution with the regression coefficients of -0.513,-0.267 -0.122,-34.855,respectively（P0.05）.Conclusion The immune function of school-age children correlates with traffic pollution,way of going to school,type of housing,and heating way in winter.The effect of traffic pollution is most significant.

关 键 词：学龄儿童 免疫功能 影响因素 交通污染 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]