贫困地区1324名6岁以下儿童营养状况调查  

Investigation on nutritional status of 1 324 children under 6 years in poverty-stricken areas

作　　者：方志峰[1] 唐振柱[1] 杨虹[1] 许晶晶[1] 赵琳[1] 韦元元[1] 陈兴乐[1] 李蕙菱[1] 刘玄华[1] 秦秋兰[1] 蒙晓宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2010年第3期381-384,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:了解广西贫困地区6岁以下儿童营养状况,为制定贫困地区儿童营养干预措施提供依据。方法:2008年,随机选择国家级贫困县平果县、融水县、天等县、巴马县进行6岁以下儿童营养状况调查。采用整群分层抽样法,每个调查县随机抽取2个乡、每个乡2个村对6岁以下儿童进行营养状况调查。采用WHO推荐WHO/NCHS(1978)儿童身高体重参考标准,利用Z评分方法评价儿童营养状况,利用Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果:儿童生长迟缓率为22.8%、低体重率28.7%,消瘦率11.2%、贫血率16.9%;其中12月龄儿童除贫血外,生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率最高;奶类、肉类食物摄入偏低,食物谱单一,小食品摄入过多,易造成能量-蛋白摄入不足,是儿童营养不良的重要原因;多因素非条件Logistic回归显示,母亲文化低是儿童生长迟缓发生地危险因素。结论:广西贫困农村儿童营养不良状况严重,应当引起政府和全社会的高度重视;及时实施营养干预措施,努力改善儿童营养不良状况,提高贫困地区儿童的身体和健康素质。Objective ： To gain the nutritional status of children under 6 years in Guangxi poverty - stricken areas, and provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention measures of children nutrition. Methods ： Four state poverty counties （ Pingguo, Rongshui, Tian- deng and Bama county） in Guangxi were selected by random sample in 2008. Stratified cluster sampling was applied in the study. Two town- ships were selected randomly from every objected county and two villages were selected randomly from every township selected by the first stage. And nutritional status of children under 6 years were investigated. The NCHS standards recommended by WHO and Z score were used to evaluate children＇s growth and health condition. Multifactor logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. Results： The rates of growth retardation, underweight, marasmus and iron - deficiency anemia were 22. 8%, 28. 7%, 11.2%, and 16. 9%, respectively, 12 - month - old children in addition to anemia, the highest rate of above 3 ; intake of dairy product and meat were on the low side in children age 2 - 5 years old, and dietary was single, and the intake of snack was high and that would develop in protein - energy malnutrition and were important factors of malnutrition about preschool children. Non - conditional multi - factor logistic regression model indicated that low level of mother＇education was one of the risk factors developing child growth retardation （P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion： The prevalence of malnutrition of preschool children is severe in Guangxi poverty -stricken areas, and the government and the whole society should pay enough attention to it and to carry out nutrition education and intervention in good time to improve children＇s nutritional condition and their physical diathesis especially in poverty- stricken areas.

关 键 词：6岁以下儿童 营养状况 干预措施 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]