‘富士×嘎拉’F1代杂种苗早期选择试验  

Preliminary Survey on Early Selection in the Seedlings of the Apple 'Fuji × Gala' Crosses

作　　者：王雷存[1] 万怡震[1] 高华[1] 鲁玉妙[1] 赵政阳[1] 党志国[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2010年第2期80-82,共3页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A1704-8);国家现代农业技术体系专项(nycytx-08-01-03);陕西省"13115"科技创新工程(2008ZDGC-01)

摘　　要：【目的】通过对‘富士×嘎拉’正反交组合F1代杂种苗叶长、叶宽、分枝数等8个表观性状特征测定与评价,为苹果杂种实生苗的早期选择提供依据,加速育种进程。【方法】从每个组合4 000余株杂种苗中随机抽取300株,对8个表观性状特征进行测定,运用统计分析的方法,对各性状变异程度进行了分析与评价。【结果】结果表明,F1代杂种苗叶片大小分离程度高,变异系数最大,与叶长、叶宽、叶形指数变异系数差异显著,叶宽分离程度次之,变异系数与叶长、叶形指数变异系数差异显著,而叶长、叶形指数变异系数较小,分离程度小;苗高、干径、节数及分枝数变异系数大小为:分枝数>苗高>干径>节数,其中分枝数、苗高变异系数之间无显著差异,但均与干径、节数变异系数差异显著,分枝数、苗高分离程度好。【结论】叶片大小、叶宽、苗高及分枝数可作为杂种苗早期选择的表观性状指标。Variations of four foliar and four branchy morphological traits such as leaf length, leaf width and shoot number of the trees in the F1 seedlings of the ＇Fuji X Gala＇ apple cross and its reciprocal cross were surveyed in order to propose the proper traits conveniently used for the early selection as to improve the ef- ficiency of the apple breeding. Every 300 seedlings were arbitrarily chosen from 4 000 seedlings of each cross to measure the eight morphological traits and the statistics were used to analyze significance of varia- tion among these eight traits. The results showed that variation and coefficient of variation （CV） of the leaf size was very high among the seedlings. It was significant with that of the leaf width and of the leaf index. Variation and CV of the leaf width were moderate among the seedlings. It was significant with that of the leaf length and of the leaf index. Variation and CV of the leaf length and of the leaf index were small a- mong the seedlings. CV of the seedling height, the trunk diameter, the node number and the shoot number were in the order of the shoot numbers 〉 the seedling height 〉 the trunk diameter 〉 the node numbers. CV of the seedling height and that of the shoot numbers presented non-significant among them. But these two indictors had significance with that of the trunk diameter and the node number. Thus CV of the seedling height and that of the shoot numbers was high. The leaf size, leaf width, leaf height, and shoot numbers were easily identified and conveniently used for early selection.

关 键 词：苹果 杂种苗 早期选择 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]