最优速度模型与元胞自动机模型的比较研究  

Comparison between the optimal velocity model and the Nagel-Schreckenberg model

作　　者：贾宁[1] 马寿峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学管理学院,系统工程研究所,天津300072

出　　处：《物理学报》2010年第2期832-841,共10页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(批准号:2006AA11Z210);国家自然科学基金(批准号:70671073)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：用解析分析与数值仿真的手段研究了一种典型的车辆跟驰模型(OV模型)与元胞自动机模型(NS模型)之间的区别与联系.首先通过对模型规则的分析,证明了确定NS模型是OV模型的一种离散形式.随后针对两模型更复杂的具体形式,通过数值仿真的手段进行了模型的密度-流量关系与模型在开放边界下的动态特性的研究.实验结果表明,从现象来看,OV模型与NS模型具有非常近似的性质,但两种模型的机制不相同,并且各自具有不能相互替代的优势.为交通流模型的使用和改进提供了参考.The similarities as well as the differences of the optimal velocity model（OV model） and the Nagel-Schreckenberg model （NS model） are compared by both analytical and numerical approaches. By analyzing the rules of both models, we prove that the NS model is a discrete form model of OV model. By numerical simulations, OV model with different parameters and stochastic NS model are compared from two aspects, namely the fundamental diagram and their dynamics under open boundary conditions. The results show that these two models have very similar behaviors. However, they are different in essence, and each model has their own advantages, which makes it useful. This study provides a basis for the application and improvement of traffic flow models.

关 键 词：最优速度模型 元胞自动机模型 基本图 时空斑图 

分 类 号：U491.112[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] P631.443[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]