黄河三角洲不同生态型芦苇对盐度适应生理的研究Ⅰ.渗透调节物质及其贡献  

ADAPTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF DIFFERENT ECOTYPES OF Phragmites Communis TO SALINITY IN THE

作　　者：赵可夫[1] 冯立田[1] 张圣强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学逆境植物研究所

出　　处：《生态学报》1998年第5期463-469,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：山东省黄河三角洲分布４种不同生态型芦苇——淡水沼泽芦苇、咸水沼泽芦苇、低盐草甸芦苇和高盐草甸芦苇。１９９４年与１９９５年的８～９月份对不同生境生态型芦苇的生长情况、群落组成及优势度进行观测，并测定４种不同生态型芦苇的有机和无机渗透剂以及渗透势和渗透调节能力。结果表明：不同生态型芦苇的多度、盖度、植株高度、叶片含水量和渗透势均随生境盐度的增大而降低；低盐度下的芦苇其渗透剂以Ｋ＋和可溶性糖为主，高盐度下以Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－为主；芦苇根部Ｎａ＋含量大于叶片，其渗透调节能力也高于叶片；植物体的Ｎａ／Ｋ比值随生境盐度而变化，而高盐度下Ｎａ／Ｋ比为１左右；在渗透调节中有机和无机渗透剂的贡献随生境盐度而变化，有机渗透剂贡献随生境盐度增大而减少，无机渗透剂贡献则随盐度增加而增大。上述结果证明芦苇是一种应性较强的植物，从抗盐机理考虑可以认为它是一种假盐生植物。Four different ecotypes of reeds——fresh water swamp reed,salty water swamp reed,lower salt meadow reed and higher salt meadow reed were investigated in the Yellow River Delta.The growth status,composition and dominance of reed community were observed,and the organic and inorganic osmotica,osmotic potential and osmotic adjustment ability were determined.Results are as follows:The abundance,coverage,plant height,leaf water content and osmotic potential all decrease with the increasing salinity levels of habitats.Potassium and soluble sugars are the main osmotica of reeds in lower salinity,while Na + and Cl - are the main osmotica in higher salinity.Na + content of roots is higher than that in leaves,and the osmotic adjustment ability of roots is higher than that of leaves.Na +/K + ratio of plants changes with the salinity of environments,with a value of about 1 in higher salinity.Moreover,the contributions of osmotica to the osmotic adjustment change with the salinity of the habitats,the higher the salinity leael,the more the contributions of inorganic osmotica,but the less the contributions of organic osmotica.The above results show that Phragmites communis, might be a pseudohalophyte.

关 键 词：芦苇 群落 渗透势 渗透调节能力 渗透调节物质 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]