孤独症碎镜理论述评  

"Broken Mirror" Theory of Autism

作　　者：汪寅[1] 陈巍[2] 

机构地区：[1]英国诺丁汉大学心理学院 [2]南京师范大学心理学系,南京210097

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2010年第2期297-305,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

摘　　要：孤独症是泛指一大类在社会交往、沟通方面存在功能缺陷的疾病,至今病因尚未阐明。"碎镜理论"作为孤独症研究领域的新兴理论,在神经—认知层面较先前理论更为全面地解释了孤独症的各种临床行为表现,并为这些异常行为间的相互关系提供了一种统一性的研究视角。文章首先对镜像神经元的发现进行了简介,在此基础上对碎镜理论的由来及其与孤独症相关功能(包括动作识别与模仿、心理理论、共情以及语言理解)缺陷的关系进行了综述,最后通过区分主动模仿和自动模仿,就镜像神经元系统及其调控系统与孤独症关系中存在的问题进行了反思与展望。Autism is a brain development disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication. Until now, how autism occurs is not well understood. ＂Broken Mirror＂ Theory is a new theory in the psychological field of autism research, which can explain many clinical symptoms of autism and represents a unified mechanism for them. This paper first reviews the origin and development of the theory, then points out that the deficiency of action recognition, motion mimicry, Tom, empathy and language in autistic people could be explained by the dysfunction of mirror neuron system. Finally, we suggest that both the study of voluntary emulation and automatic mimicry as well as the modulation of mirror neuron system in other brain regions are necessary in the future.

关 键 词：孤独症 碎镜理论 镜像神经元系统 主动模仿 自动模仿 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]