老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and Drug Resistance Study of Pathogenic Bacteria from Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Senile Patients

作　　者：刘行超[1] 曾桂芬[1] 贺英[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第181医院检验科,广西桂林541002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2010年第3期430-432,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对2006年1月-2008年12月老年患者下呼吸道感染的痰标本细菌培养及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果共分离出病原菌1436株，其中革兰阴性杆菌751株（52．3％），真菌383株（26．7％），革兰阳性球菌302株（21．0％）；菌株位列前5位的病原菌分别为铜绿假单胞菌、白色假丝酵母菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和光滑假丝酵母菌；革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦普遍较为敏感；真菌对两性霉素B和制霉菌素较敏感；革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素未发现耐药株。结论老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌种类多且耐药性严重；真菌已上升为老年病科主要病原菌之一，值得关注。OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogens isolated from lower respiratory tract infection in senile patients, so as to instruct the rational use of antibiotics. METHODS The distribution and resistance of the pathogens isolated from samples of sputum for senile patients with lower respiratory tract infection from Jan 2006 to Dec 2008 were analyzed. RESULTS A total of. 1436 strains of pathogens included 751 （52.3%） Gram-negative bacilli, 383（26.7%） fungi and 302（21.0%） Gram-positive cocci strains and were isolated. The isolation rate of pathogens in the top 5 was Pseudornonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and C. glabrata. Gram-negative bacteria were especially sensitive to imipenem and cefoperazone/sull bactam and fungi were sensitive to amphotericin B and nystatin. In Gram-positive cocci, resistance to vancomycin was not found. CONCLUSIONS There are kinds of pathogenic bacteria strains leading to lower respiratory tract infection in senile patients. And most of them show severe drug-resistance to antibiotics. Increasing of fungi as an infection in old inpatients should bring great concern.

关 键 词：老年患者 下呼吸道感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]