中东世俗化的阶段及特点  

Stages and characteristics of secularization of Middle East

作　　者：李福泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学中东研究所,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《宁夏社会科学》2010年第1期75-79,共5页NingXia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"当代中东局势发展及我国战略对策研究"(04&ZD021)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：中东世俗化进程大致经历了四个阶段。19世纪到一战,为世俗化的起源时期;一战到二战,为大规模推进时期;二战到20世纪70年代,为深化时期;20世纪70年代末至今,为"反复"时期。中东世俗化有四大特点:第一,外力驱动,被迫进行;第二,政府自上而下强制推动;第三,世俗化的结果是伊斯兰教的国家化;第四,历经反复与挫折,面临重重困难。如何协调和平衡宗教与世俗的关系,依然是中东国家所面临的一个重大难题。Secularization of Middle East can be roughly divided into four stages. The first stage is from the 19th century to the First World War. The second stage is from the First World War to the Second World War. The third stage is from the Second Worhl War to 1970s. Secularization of Middle East also has four characteristics. First, it is forced by foreign powers. Second, it is conducted by the government compulsively. Third, the result of secularization is the nationalization of Islam. Forth, it is confronted difficulties and setbacks. How to coordinate and balance the relationship between the religion and the secularity is an important problem.

关 键 词：中东 世俗化 伊斯兰教 土耳其 

分 类 号：B91[哲学宗教—宗教学]