小麦Rht3矮秆系杂种F_1粒重优势表现及遗传分析  

Expression and Genetic Analysis of Grain Weight Heterosis in F 1 of Dwarfing Lines with Rht3 Gene in Wheat

作　　者：周文春[1] 赵寅槐[1] 王书文[1] 邹明烈[1] 王苏[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所

出　　处：《华北农学报》1998年第4期14-19,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

摘　　要：按ｐ×ｑ交配模式，以４个Ｒｈｔ３矮秆系为母本，１０个小麦品种（系）为父本配制了４０个杂种Ｆ１，研究其粒重优势表现。结果表明，４０个杂种的平均优势平均为１１９５％，变幅为－６４９％～２８８３％。超亲优势平均为０１２％，变幅为－１８９５％～１７５７％。竞争优势平均为－４９６％，变幅为－２４２４％～１７７４％。选用粒重较高的Ｒｈｔ３矮秆系如ＮＤ３５和ＮＤ３７作母本，粒重超过对照的品种（系）作父本，较易获得粒重具正向竞争优势的杂种。１４个亲本的配合力分析，针对选育高粒重的杂交组合育种目标，矮秆系中ＮＤ３５和ＮＤ３７利用价值较高，１０个品种（系）中邯分８６１３、鲁８９５０２３和鲁８９６０１８的利用价值较高。讨论了克服Ｒｈｔ３基因对粒重的不利效应。According to p×q mating pattern,40 hybrid F 1s were made with 4 Rht3 dwarfing lines as female parents and 10 varieties(lines) as male parents.Studies on the expression of grain weight heterosis were made among the hybrids.Results showed that average heterosis changed from -6 49% to 28 83% and its average was 11.95%.Heterosis over higher parents changed from -18.95 to 11 57% and its average was 0 12%.Average of competitive heterosis was -4 96 which changed from -24 24% to 17 74%.It is easier to obtain hybrids with positive competitive heterosis when Rht3 dwarfing lines with relative high 1000 grain weight such as ND35 and ND37 were chosen as female parents and varieties(lines) with the 1000 grain weight higher than that of check varieties were used as male parents.Results of the analysis of combining ability showed that ND35 and ND37 among 4 dwarfing lines and Hanfen 86 13,Lu 895023 and Lu 896018 among 10 varieties(lines)were much more valuable than other parents for breeding hybrids with high 1000 grain weight. Discussions were made on the methods for breeding semi dwarfing hybrids with high grain weight in the case of overcorming disadvangeous effects of Rht3 gene on grain weight.

关 键 词：千粒重 杂种优势 配合力 小麦 矮秆基因 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]