新千年美国高等教育国际化动向及其政策背景  

Trends of American Higher Education Internationalization and its Policy Background in New Millennium

作　　者：姚锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2010年第1期112-116,共5页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“中国博士后制度的制度分析与机制创新研究”(项目批准号:70873010)部分成果

摘　　要：美国积极推动高等教育国际化,着力于提供研究生以上水平的教育,向更多外国学生授予博士学位。新千年美国高等教育国际化出现了几个值得关注的动向:增加联邦拨款强化富布赖特计划;加强对博士和博士后阶段的外国学生、学者的资助;提出了雄心勃勃的林肯计划,促进美国学生留学海外。其背后的原因是美国的科技竞争力下降,以及美国经济持续发展对人才的迫切需求。美国希望以高等教育国际化为政策工具达成三个目的:获得高水平人才,提升竞争力,拓展青年国际视野。America has actively promoted the internationalization of higher education, focused on providing education above the postgraduate level and awarded doctor degrees to more foreign students. In the millennium, new eyecatching trends of the internationalization of American higher education appear, such as increasing federal funds to strengthen the Fulbright Program; enhancing the aid to foreign students and scholars who are pursuing their doctor or postdoctoral degrees; proposing the aggressive Lincoln Plan and suggesting American students to study abroad. The reasons for the new trends are the declining competitiveness of its science and technology and the urgent need for talents with the sustainable development of American economy. Therefore, America hopes to achieve the following three goals by taking internationalization of higher education as a policy tool： to obtain worldwide high quality talents; to increase scientific and technological as well as educational competitiveness and to widen the international vision of American youth so as to make preparation for ＂world leaders＂ in the future and maintain the ＂leading position＂ in the world.

关 键 词：美国 高等教育 国际化 政策背景 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]