不同培肥方式对黑土供磷能力的影响  

Effect of different fertilization systems on available phosphorus in black soil

作　　者：王凤菊[1,2] 韩晓增[1,2] 王凤仙[1,2] 宋春[2] 朱霞[2] 卢斯佳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第1期72-75,98,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程(KSCX1-YW-09-09);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD05B05)

摘　　要：利用采自海伦农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站长期定位试验地的三个施肥处理:无肥(CK)、化肥(NP)、化肥配施有机肥(NPM)的土壤进行框栽试验,研究了不同培肥方式对黑土供磷能力的影响。结果表明:CK、NP、NPM土壤中的有机磷都能自然矿化,其中CK土壤有机磷矿化能力较弱,而NP、NPM土壤有机磷矿化能力较强,并且种植作物有利于土壤磷的矿化;CK土壤基础供磷能力较弱,施用磷肥可提高CK土壤的供磷能力,而NP、NPM土壤基础供磷能力较强,施用磷肥对土壤供磷能力影响不大;长期种植作物不施磷肥土壤中的磷处于耗竭状态,施NK肥种植作物处理能加剧土壤中磷的消耗;CK土壤供磷能力较弱,作物对土壤磷的依存率较低,对磷肥的利用率高,施用磷肥增产效果明显;NP、NPM土壤供磷能力较强,作物对土壤磷的依存率较高,对磷肥的利用率低,施用磷肥增产效果不大。Soil samples without fertilizer（CK）, and with chemical fertilizer（NP） and chemical fertilizer amended with organic manure（NPM） were collected from the Hailun Agricultural Ecology Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to study the effects of different fertilizations on phosphorus supplying in black soil by pot experiment. The results showed that organic P in NP and NPM soils had stronger mineralization than that in CK soil, and planting maize was in favor of mineralization of soil P; The basic P supplying ability of CK soil was weaker than that of NP and NPM soils, and fertilization improved P supplying ability of CK soil, however, fertilization had little effect on the P supplying ability. long-term planting crops wiout fertilizer application made P of soil in exhausting, and NK fertilization and planting crops increased the comsumption of soil P. CK soil had weaker P supplying ability, and the dependence of crops on soil P was lower, but it had higher efficiency in P utilization, so that P fertilization had obvious effect on crop yield increasing, however, NP and NPM soil had a reverse effect.

关 键 词：培肥方式 供磷能力 黑土 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]